General Anxiety Disorders and Treatments Thereof - 1914 Words

General Anxiety Disorders and Treatments Thereof Blake C Blanchard Southwestern Oklahoma State University Abstract One of the most common disorders in our society today is generalized anxiety disorder. I am going to dive in to the methods of treatment and thoroughly discuss the various ways this disorder is handled. I experience anxiety when it comes to being in large bodies of water and also when I see spiders. Treatment options for anxiety disorders range from herbal remedies to prescribed medication. There are so many treatment options that I had no idea were even a possibility. The treatments I am going to talk about and describe in depth are ones that I researched and were shown to have the highest success rate. This could be†¦show more content†¦But with every medication comes side effects, and the effects include sexual problems, weight gain, and insomnia (Harvard Mental Health Letter, 2011). One such study found that adolescents who received a combination treatment, that is with cognitive behavioral therapy and drugs, was the most successful. Randomized patients were to receive sertraline, CBT, sertraline and CBT, or placebo for 12 weeks (Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, 2009). It was concluded that 81% of the patients that underwent the combination therapy were able to greatly reduce their symptoms (Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, 2009). It has been shown that CBT in schools can greatly reduce childhood anxiety attacks. Sixty-one children, aged 7 to 11 years, were randomized to receive group CBT for children, group CBT for children plus parent training, or no treatment for 9 weeks. After a 12-month follow-up period, those who received CBT had significantly less anxiety severity than those in the control group. The authors noted that treatment effects of CBT can be maintained for a 12-month period in children who have anxiety (Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, 2009). Another medicine that I found while researching treatments for this disorder is a category of drug by the name of benzodiazepines. Popular drug names associated with benzodiazepines consist of Ativan, Valium, and Xanax. Again, side effects with these drugs canShow MoreRelatedScience Supporting Mental Illness And The Diagnosis Thereof1546 Words   |  7 Pages There has been many strides in the field dedicated to the science supporting mental illness and the diagnosis thereof. Today there exists two widely adopted methodologies to diagnosing and classifying mental disorders amongst psychology and psychiatry professionals. 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Risk Management Theory In Financial Institutions Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3661 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Risk infers the opportunity that something is going wrong that is the current and most common view. The Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy 2007 explains risk as a negative role and unnecessary event. Risk is a totally chance or can be managed is an individual response. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Risk Management Theory In Financial Institutions Finance Essay" essay for you Create order The last position is dealing to take by the management researchers. The argues on this view that we cannot eliminate risk at least we can expect it at anytime, and to decrease its impact we may put it in place processes. Insincere behaviour, financial loss, safety violations, are the important consequences of poor risk management. Researchers have established that poor control on internal issues, not sufficient government rules and regulations, and misalignment of firm incentives are to responsible (Marshall et al., 1996). Basically the process of knowing what risk actually is, the consequences or the outcomes or predicting the possibility and the outcomes of that risk, deciding what path to follow either to take risk or to either to avoid, and in last either to develop and apply strategies in responding the risk (De Zoysa and Russell, 2003). Risk management became a main concern of both organizations or businesses and government as it puts risk management on all managers du e to the September 11 attacks, Enron, World Com, and the troubles in financial markets due to recent dealings (Springer, Christine Gibbs, 2009) The significant change in Banking around the world is a very clear evident from the changes that have been occurred in the financial institutions, markets and products. To argument on revenues deregulation has opened a new vista for banks; it has a greater struggle and therefore will have greater risk. To remain reasonable in the globalized environment, entry of newly developed products, cross border flows and mainly copied instruments have a significant impact on the local or domestic banking sector which drive them to correct the product mix, as it also effect there processes and operations. Consumers are highly encouraged because of these developments, they have greater choices and now they have become more intelligent and demanding forceful banks to offer wider range products through different distribution channels. The defining attri butes of banks and other financial intermediaries has emerged as risk management. Now a days globalization is the most important issue of shaping the world. The benefits of globalization are being increasingly popular and very well known. Communication and information technologies have been facilitated by wonderful advancement because of the inclusion of domestic and international markets. But such combination meant that a problem in one country will also have negative impact on one of more countries even if they are strong. The development of an efficient financial system plays a very important role in raising countries out of their low level of stability trap and this development reforms the financial sector. According to 2002 annual report of World Bank it has been observe that for reduction of poverty, growth and for a sound investment environment a healthy financial system is a condition. The operational atmospheres have undergone a huge change bringing to for the signifi cant importance of controlling an entire variety of financial risks. Higher the risk the more return will you get. The meaning of risk is for different people there are different things. For some of them it is financial (interest call money rates, exchange rates), the merger and acquisition among the competitors around the world to form more powerful entities and not the leveraging IT optimally and for some it is a commitment or event which has the power to create more business liability or damaging brand image. By taking risk it does meant that u will get forth benefits as well since risk is accepted as a trade off between return and danger in business. In other words it is essential to agree to risks, if the need is to get together the expected benefits. There are so many risks which are faced in the quickly increasing world of business and the investors must be careful about them in enlarging its operations. As risk is a factor which is constantly found in making business d ecisions and fixing suitable ways to handle and to make less intense risks is an important part to the farthest achievement of any original investment or enlargement of an already present business process. (Alan et al 2004) As the risks have constantly being a part of economic progress, the year 1990s has seen risk management becoming an critical business purpose in the banks and some other financial institutions. The reasons, why did it become so important , were the heavy losses which the worldwide companies suffered from during the 1990s as it gave a heavy blow to the economic institutions and made them stress on risk management and to have some check and balance. However, the union of the companies and industry globalization, difficulty and the rapidly increasing request of customers were already directing to an immense/informal emphasis on to make certain that those losses did not occur due to harsh market situations, contracts failures or unsuitable and indecent controls , system or persons. These factors focussed the attention to increase the value of rules and regulations and banking and monetary institutions have got to fix fast to the principles of banking law pleaded by the Basel Capital Accord. They must increase the strength of covered controls, raise the act of useful, and open financial information and make sure the use of inspection, this is all not to sustain the healthy process of the banking and economic markets. What is included in this is, to establish the identity and to determine the quantity of several risks in advance, and to set up and to take out effective n striking risk management. Wipple said that taking risk is the heart of the business investment bank. He further said that the regulations and administration will slow down the financial system of United Kingdom. (Euro week 2009). PA consulting group pointed out after a fresh survey from 100 different banks that while the banks have the tools for the effective risk f or most of the parts. To support the full variety of their business decisions they are not using those tools. According to the Dyfed Bowen, of the PA consulting Group, says while investing in risk management system that is the requirement to think regarding the business settlements and not the obedience issues. To get the benefits from the Basel LI And other controlling demands, into a positive net profit banks must change the cost of agreement. (Financial times 2002) And thats why banks need to be acting in companionship with that, as the implementation deadline is still not ended and it is up to 2006. Data ware house- type risk is the main way to meet up with these requirements, will help in providing large picture exposure of a project. Assessing operational risk can also be helped through data ware house as long as an understanding of the connection between banks and clients and the amazing activity of traders. (Financial times 2002) Industrial background Banking Sector: There are a number of risks which banking process is a subject of; it includes credit, market and the risk that arises from the difficulty of selling an asset. It is an important part of their risk management that banks need to conduct and to determine the quantity of these risks on a frequent basis, carry on with the same capital and liquidity buffers that are enough to secure them against huge and negative shocks. There are many systematic tools which have been introducer to look at these risks in division, especially for credit and market risk. At all events, there is no joined economic capital model which unites risks in a sound and firm fashion. That is why, banks examine the risks separately, decode total economic capital by some already existing and fixed rules. To calculate, the risk specific buffers, is a common rule, and then just adding them up to calculate a banks total capital. The world and United Kingdom economy is keep on benefiting from a stable time of fixed de velopment. In the beginning of 2004 and over the last few years a strong financial performance is produced by the banks which are benefited from the economic health. There are no signs in the failing of asset quality and the banks are remaining strong capitalized. But as always the downside risk or drawbacks to the macroeconomics are always there. (Kari Hale 2004) Combination of risks, evaluation of management, analysis and some degree of risk involves in all banking activities. In Credit risk there are some more risks including cross border risk, operational risk, market risk and liquidity risk is the most important risk. Equity price risks, interest rate risks and foreign exchange risks are including in market risk. Oil and Gas sector: Risk management is of principal magnitude to the economic penalty of reserves in oil and gas industry where such reserves can go beyond US$1 billion, and several years to complete. It is due to the outmost statistical measure of the amount of fluctuation in a stocks price within a period of energy entity prices it has been considered for long enough that business performed in the petroleum, natural gas, and electricity industries are certainly easy to be affected to market prices risks and other commercial risks and the political risk management in the energy industry plays a rapidly increasing significant role since the worlds oil and gas production plan is directly connected to the geopolitical position of reserves. Airline Sector: Due to recession around the world the time is not favourable for the Airline industry. The Airline industry is facing the worst situation as ever and it is really not easy to fight with this situation. There is a statement which shows very clearly the importance of the situation, and the statement is that the airline industry is just hardly living by keeping their head above the water. There is a lot decline in the airline flights. There is a lot decrease in the number of passengers this year. The worst has yet to come if there is a consideration of the analysis. In next few years the situation for airline industry will become more tense and worst if the same global economic recession never ended. This condition merely belongs to many factors like, the major factor considered for the fall of airline industry is that, because of the world recession there is a hike in fuel prices. The fuel prices and the recession worldwide play a vital role in the current situation of airline ind ustry. Managing Risk: The assessment of complex must not be done through instinct. Sometimes we make detailed models when system gets difficult. It seems very doubtful when somebody quantify risk management. Some shortcuts were in fact measured right. But whatever the drawback of quantitative model may be, the drawbacks of unaided instinct are greater. The incentives must be associated. If one party is harm by risk then they can do assess that risk. When the public has somewhat at risk then there will be hand of regulators in modelling risk. The final risk is faulty risk management and if it is missed by the regulators, then they will fail again in addressing the issue. (Douglas Hubbard) Risk can be managed in many different ways. Hedging: A boldly handled fixed interest securities of investments that uses progressed and developed investment planning such as Positional advantage; power to act effectively, long, short and derivative positions in both national and international markets with the aim of producing high returns either in a complete sense or over a specified market benchmark. In a legal manner, hedge funds are very often set up as private investment partnership that are open for a less number of investors are demand a very large first minimum investment. Investment in hedge funds are illiquid as they often need investors keep their money in the funds at least for the period of year. Insurance: A promise of compensation for specific potential future losses: in exchange for a periodic payment. Insurance is designed to protect the financial well-being of an individual, company or other entity in the case of unexpected loss. Some forms of insurance are required by law, while others are optional. Agreeing to the terms of an insurance policy creates a contract between the insured and the insurer. In exchange for payments from the insured (called premiums), the insurer agrees to pay the policy holder a sum of money upon the occurrence of a specific event. In most cases, the policy holder pays part of the loss (called the deductible), and the insurer pays the rest. Examples include car insurance, health insurance, disability insurance, life insurance, and business insurance. Diversification: The mean of diversification is to expand the business activities into many other fields, or to allocate funds in order to standard the risk of failure. In financial crisis diversification is used especially to reduce the risk involve in businesses. The expansion of making new goods and services and sell it to the existing or new consumers bases is very much risky, but by handling well it can change a business. Aim: The aim of this report is basically to examine the theory and practice of risk management, not just in high opinion of British banks but as well in other business sectors and in geographic area all over the world. Research question: Research question is to find out what is the role of risk management in financial sector during the financial crunch? Hypothesis: Ho: Risk management can save financial institution in financial crunch. H1: Risk management can not save financial institution in financial crunch. Objective of Risk Management: The most important goal of risk management is to secure the property, wages and the body of persons employed by or active in an organization, business, or service of the organization against damages and responsibility that legally binds an individual or company to settle a balance due that may happen due to several risks. Two different main points come out while explaining the objectives of risk management The first main point is about managing risk, increasing the productivity and creating more opportunities out of the risks. And the second most important point is regarding minimizing risk or loss and the protection of mutual assets. An organization management needs to decide on the purpose either they want to manage or shrink risk management functions. Taking educated management decisions on opportunities, outstanding the right balance between risks and controls and pressure facing by an organization is basically all about managing risk. Both the situations for exa mple more or less controlling risks are mainly unwanted as the previous means high costs and the final means prospective risk exposure. The principal function of the risk management in the changed plans is that it is restraints not only the pure risks but also enlarge out the services to observe and control the risks of all types which arise from a business. Minimizing or explanatory of risk management means that the justifying of all risks even if there is an excess in the cost of minimizing risk and outweighs the cost benefit analysis. Furthermore it may mean that opportunities are not effectively broken. Recognition and management of risk is more famous for the financial services as compare to the consumer products industry where it is less recognized as in the context of risk management functions. What are risk management functions and what are its primary objectives? Accordance with the global survey conducted almost 35% of the respondents stated that risk management f unction is basically use to optimize risk. In the context of the risk management function, identification and management of Risk is more prominent for the financial services sector and less so for consumer products business. What are the primary objectives of your risk management function? When specifically asked respondents stated that their risk management function is to be sure clearly mandated to optimise risk. (Damith Kasagala 2008) Research Methodology: Classify experiential Research: In any study movement, the researchers plan is to locate out wonderful about wonderful. This can be completed in diverse ways; single method, generally worn in HCI, is experimental research. Experiential research is characterising by the declaration that data or theory that is plagiaristic from it is here at as a product of explanation or research. (Robson, 2002) write down that experimental research absorb a systematic examination of an understanding which have to be equally unconvinced and ethical. (Cresswell, 2005) identifies the break up progression that makes up experimental research to be alive Classification of a research problem Review of the active literature Specification of a reason Collection of facts Analysis and motivation of data Exposure on and evaluating data Normally a study crisis is formulated in a very common method and then the beneficiary recognize dissimilar reason that read out how the following data collect will acquire place and how i t resolve be evaluate. In a number of examples, the beneficiary has an idea that he needs to check out; in previous belongings the researcher has experimental an experience that he wishes to extend a supposition about. These two advances are occasionally referred to as normative along with non-normative or deductive and inductive. It is ordinary to equal these come close to to two study styles, these organism quantitative study and qualitative study (Cohen and Manion, 1994). Quantitative Research: The broad procedure in quantitative research is to investigation a supposition by recounting self-governing variables to needy variables in a secured situation. Review and trial are usually old for quantitative learning Qualitative Research: It is commonly thought (wrongly) with the aim of qualitative research is any research that does not contain numbers! This is not a good explanation as it is the move near to the facts convenes that is transformed in the two styles of research slightly than the outputs. Qualitative research aims to discover, determine, understand or explain phenomena that have already been famous but are not well understand. The outfit that are second-hand used for qualitative research embrace explanation and interviews and the mechanical device is justification. In this kind of research, theories are frequently grounded in data and ethnographic and storyline methods are used to help in the analysis and understanding of shared relations and phenomena. As the objectives of my research is essentially to inspect the theory and practice of risk management, not just in high attitude of British banks but as well in other business sectors and in geographic area all over the globe, So for that there are two main research methods. Primary data Secondary data Primary data Sources of in rank are usually categorised as prime, lesser or tertiary depending lying on their freshness and their closeness to the resource or beginning. For example, systematic information moves through a propagation cycle. Firstly, conclusion might be communicated easily by email, and then offered at meetings before being officially available as a primary source. Once available, they will then be indexed in bibliographic record, and repackaged and comment upon by others in less significant (secondary) sources. The description of primary, secondary and tertiary change between disciplines or subjects mainly between what can typically be clear as the knowledge and the humanities. Prime (primary) sources for censor studying the narrative of the Second humanity War are diverse from individuals for a examine scientist investigate new pills for arthritis. The critics primary sources are the verse, stories, and movies of the time. The study scientists primary sources are the grades of laboratory check and the medicinal records of enduring treated with the pills. You must at all times check with your coach or tutor if in  hesitation. And there is some main kind of primary data which includes explanation, surveys, interviews, personal approaches, letters, handset, computer, private etc. Secondary data Secondary Data is presented in sequence that has been gathered for some principle Outside the development process. Obtaining Secondary Data in perform generally capital Desk or library research. Information can be obtained from the data that is usually composed by the planning institute or from outside sources. External data are gathered by other organizations moreover for their own use or for business use. Universal sources of unimportant data are, for example, various automated databases, relatives, other government agencies and different available sources such as Libraries and newspapers. A computerized record can provide information on an open series of topics, and lists of marketable databases are generally available in community libraries. Librarians can also be priceless in the search for definite information for development. Among the potentially useful data provided by management agencies are demographic facts, service data and individual reports on industries. Other ex amples of secondary data are past information and survey data. Relations may have expensive information about management or common aspects. To estimate the importance of information for the development process it is vital to know how and why the information was shaped. Resources and requirements †¢Skills †¢apparatus †¢Time †¢Books †¢Training The research method I am using for my research is primary and secondary data research. The research question shows that I have to write my report mainly on banking sector but I will also explain about other sectors like oil and gas and air line. I have chosen these sectors because a country economy is mainly dependant upon banking and oil and gas, air line sectors also play a vital role in country economy. The aim of this research is to study about the role of risk management in financial institutions and thats why it has relationship with research objectives, research methodology. Because in research objectives we have to look about the role of risk management in different business sector and the data which will be collected for the research are both primary and secondary. Timescale: The maximum time required for this project is up to three months. Collection of data up to Twenty days Five days for Introduction Ten days for literature review Ten days for Analysis and discussion. All other tasks up to one month.

Marketing Ice Cream and Jerry Free Essays

Market Research Report for Ben Jerry’s Ice Cream By: Swati Sugandh Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Incorporated started in 1978 when Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield bought their first ice cream scoop shop in Burlington, Vermont. Since then, Ben Jerry’s has grown from being only offered in Vermont to other States and Countries around the world. Throughout the growth of Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing: Ice Cream and Jerry or any similar topic only for you Order Now , many movements have been made in aspects of ingredients, packaging, advertising, and image. An example of these movements is branching out from common Ben Jerry’s Ice Cream to Greek and Sorbet types of desserts. The support of Farm Aid and Fair Trade are two imperative factors in regards to image and ingredients for Ben Jerry’s ice cream. In today’s society, customer awareness is vital in promoting anyone’s product in the instance for Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. their web site has been able to inform awareness of the variety of premium flavors they offer, their memorabilia available in their online store, and all the benefits that Ben Jerry’s Ice Cream offers their customers. Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. recognizes that the majority of their loyal customers are women between the ages of twenty to forty years old. Due to that fact most of the advertising done to promote Ben Jerry’s ice cream is done in the areas that would reach this target market. Although Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. has many strengths there are some areas that Ben Jerry’s could grow in and develop in order to reach future customers to widen their target market. Overall, Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. s a well known company that has been around for many years and will continue to be due to their dedication to their unique flavors and types of ice cream and frozen desserts. For the continual growth of Ben Jerry’s the company is always discovering alternative ways to make and promote their company at all aspects of the creation of the perfect pint of premium ice cream. Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. strives to â€Å"create prosperity for everyone that’s connected to their business: suppliers, employees, farmers, franchisees, customers, and neighbors alike† (Ben Jerry’s). There are many ways that Ben Jerry’s has accomplished meeting these goals. First is their growing Fair Trade movement, this movement is about empowering small farmers in developing countries to compete and thrive in the global marketplace. Ben Jerry’s buy’s cocoa, vanilla, sugar, coffee, and bananas from many different parts of the world. Additional ways that Ben Jerry’s upholds their goals are by using cage-free and free-range eggs, and by their Caring Dairy program that only uses cows that have no rBGH (recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone). The containers of Ben Jerry’s Ice cream is Forest Stewardship Council certified which means, â€Å"that the paperboard comes from forests that are managed for the protection of wildlife habitat, maintenance of biodiversity, avoidance of genetically modified tree species, and protection of traditional and civil rights, among other Rainforest Alliance criteria for healthy forests† (SEAR). Ben Jerry’s offers over 30 different flavors of ice cream; they also have other types of ice desserts such as sherbet, and Greek yogurt for all customers to enjoy their favorite flavor and type. Ben Jerry’s is a multinational corporation with their products offered all around the world. Although Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. has many strengths, they still have the weakness of the price of their product compared to their competitors. An example of this is one pint of Ben Jerry’s is about five dollars, but for a half gallon of ice cream from Blue Bell it is only about seven dollars. Therefore, Ben Jerry’s has to deal with many would be buyers that say I get more for my money from other ice cream sellers. Another weakness is that although Ben and Jerry’s offer many unique flavors, many customers prefer original flavors. Ben Jerry’s have started to rectify this particular weakness by now offering original flavors with better ingredients to enhance the flavor. Lastly, Ben Jerry’s is available to buy at many grocery stores; however, at those said locations many only offer a small portion of the flavors that Ben Jerry’s offers. Thus, some customers never get to have the chance of trying many of the flavors. Even though Ben Jerry’s is a multinational corporation with many ocations, and their products are around the world, there are still some opportunities that Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. could take advantage of. First off, Ben Jerry’s could stand to update their advertising in the sense of some commercials, and social media campaigns. By doing this, they could inform people that do not know about their ice cream and all they o ffer, including a gift shop at certain locations and online. Second, Ben Jerry’s could consider branching out and offering ice cream sandwiches and a half gallon of ice cream. This would allow them to reach people in the summer time that want a grab and run outside type of treat or, by offering the half gallon they could reach people that eat ice cream frequently and feel like a pint is too small. Society is a major threat for Ben Jerry’s right now in the sense that society dictates that one should be very conscience of eating right and being thin. Ben Jerry’s is held responsible for encouraging people to eat unhealthy with promoting ice cream, and therefore blamed for the â€Å"obesity epidemic†. To help promote a better image Ben Jerry’s have started to offer the Greek yogurt ice cream. Another threat like many other markets is competition as stated earlier many competitors offer a larger quantity for close or equal amount of money. To try to counter this threat Ben Jerry’s has started offering coupons. While considering all these strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats Ben Jerry’s must always consider their target market which ranges from twenty to forty year old women, and anyone who has a sweet tooth. Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. trives to make sure there is absolutely no discrimination whether based on economic status, age, gender, or race. Customers of all ages and ethnic backgrounds are encouraged to try Ben Jerry’s ice cream by having it available in all grocery stores in order to make them lifetime customers. Although society is changing Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. does recognize that women are sti ll the primary grocery shopper for families, therefore leading them to be a good portion of the target market. â€Å"The women being targeted are 20-40 years of age who’ll probably have a family size of two to five. The average family income is $30,000 plus†(Allen 20). Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. are targeting these types of women because they tend to care more about what products they are putting into their own bodies and those of their families. Since Ben Jerry’s ice cream is made with the most eco-friendly and organic ingredients most women tend to appreciate it compared to other types of ice creams that might not use the best ingredients, they also tend to not gain as much value when they buy competitors ice cream. Even though Ben Jerry’s target market is women, they are still trying to reach every possible customer by offering something for every type of ice cream consumer, in hopes of widening our target market. To ensure Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. is promoting their product to the before mentioned target market, we use the best ingredients to ensure the value of the unique and innovative flavors of ice cream are made organically by using cage free humane eggs and steroid free milk from farms in Vermont and other states. Another beneficial strategy that Ben Jerry’s offers are their availability of their products. Ben Jerry’s initial efforts to market products involved selling their ice cream from the back of Ben’s Volkswagen. In the following few years, they started selling through local independent distributors and opened franchises of their ice cream shop in several states. Then Ben ; Jerry added grocery store locations and the Ben ; Jerry’s web site, where customers can buy the premium ice cream from single serve cups to two point five gallon buckets. Ben ; Jerry’s recently started to open Scoop Shops across the nation. These locations offer ice cream cones and unique flavors not found in most grocery stores; thus, breaking into the ice cream parlor sector. Although Ben ; Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. is not known for ice cream treats such as ice cream sandwiches or other such things; Ben ; Jerry’s does occasionally offer novelty ice cream treats, such as the â€Å"Peace Pops†. The strategy of offering Ben ; Jerry’s premium ice cream in most grocery stores and at Scoop Shops ensures availability. Ben ; Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. has been successful in creating brand loyalty with their target market by promoting their product through online advertising, street marketing and outdoor marketing. With these three types of advertising, the first one offers coupons for loyal customers to use and future customers the opportunity to try Ben ; Jerry’s ice cream at a discounted rate. Street and outdoor marketing involves offering free ice cream to people directly, allowing Ben ; Jerry’s to find out how people feel about flavors and Ben ; Jerry’s immediately. Similarly Ben ; Jerry’s Scoop Shops offer select deals on ice cream cones throughout the year. Another way that Ben ; Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. promotes their premium ice cream is by their â€Å"Peace, Love, and Ice Cream† campaign which was a movement that discovered the central values of all Americans. The primary goal of this campaign was to promote Ben ; Jerry’s charitable activities and target the emotions of the audience in an effort to create brand awareness and therefore increase sales within the product market. The campaign consisted of pictures of thrills, fun and excitement, from radio to printed advertisements in hope to increase awareness about Ben ; Jerry’s environmental advocacy programs. Many networks were thrilled because the â€Å"Peace, Love, and Ice Cream† campaign was a fun movement that allowed Americans to give back to the community through consuming tasty, frozen desserts. Ben ; Jerry’s continues to grow daily by developing new products, new ideas, and new flavors for their public. Consumers around the world are well aware of Ben Jerry’s tasty treats because of the firm’s execution of marketing concepts and bright visions. Ben Jerry’s mission of giving back to the community worked in various ways, and in turn, have evolved into one of the most prevalent ice cream companies of today. Ben ; Jerry’s product mission statement is â€Å"To make, distribute, and sell the finest quality all natural ice cream and euphoric concoctions with a continued commitment to incorporating wholesome, natural ingredients, and promoting business practices that respect the Earth and the Environment. In order to achieve their mission Ben ; Jerry’s charges a higher price to enable them to create their higher quality ice cream and allow them to have a striving and unique Research and Development department. The price decisions are well synchronized with product design, distribution, and promotion decisions to create a consistent and effective marketi ng program for Ben ; Jerry’s Ice Cream. The market and demand are other factors that stimulate the pricing system of Ben ; Jerry’s ice cream in the sense that the economics condition, competition costs, prices, and so forth all affect the price of Ben and Jerry’s products. For instance, in bad economic situations, people will reduce their expenses on secondary goods, and in this case ice cream is a secondary good. Ben ; Jerry’s have very distinguished competitors like Haagen Daaz and Blue Bell that will definitely affect the price of Ben ; Jerry’s ice cream. Since Ben ; Jerry’s is recognized as a high quality manufacturer of ice cream, they tend to pay very close attention to their competitors, especially when it comes to maintaining their quality and prices. Moreover, the prices of Ben ; Jerry’s products set correlating between their competitor’s prices and customer needs and expectations while still making a profit and abiding by their mission statement. A Ben ; Jerry’s Homemade Holding, Inc. is a company that values their brand loyal customers and is always striving to improve and better their premium ice cream. Although Ben ; Jerry’s does advertise and promote their company and product there are still ways that they could expand their scope of advertisement and perhaps include new forms of advertising. Television is a central communication for most families; therefore, Ben ; Jerry’s could establish recognition of their product by doing product placement with popular TV shows. Another way to use a television for advertising is strictly just using commercials; this allows the opportunity to inform those who do not know what Ben ; Jerry’s offers in their ice cream. Ben ; Jerry’s company is mostly popular in the Northern United States; however, Ben ; Jerry’s could possibly shift to Southern US, and outside of the USA to broaden their customer base. Social media marketing is becoming a necessity in advertising now that most people are connected to at least one form and owns a smart phone. By entering this form of advertising Ben ; Jerry’s could connect with a different generation and build up a following. Overall, Ben ; Jerry’s Homemade Holding, Inc. is an established premium ice cream provider and will continue to be so through their dedication to using the best ingredients, being inventive in creating new flavors, and connecting with consumers and future consumers. Works Cited Allen, Margarat, Emily Brockett, and Steven Allison. Peace, Love, and Ice Cream Campaign. † Ben Jerry’s Homemade Ice Cream Company. N. p. , n. d. Web. Ben Jerry’s. N. p. , n. d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. http://www. benjerry. com/. King, Rachael. â€Å"Ben ; Jerry’s Imagine Peace Online. † Fast Company. N. p. , 4 Aug. 2008. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. http://www. fastcompany. com/955923/ben-jerrys-imagine-peace-online. à ¢â‚¬Å"SEAR 2011 | Ben Jerry’s. †Ã‚  Ben Jerry’s. N. p. , n. d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. http://www. benjerry. com/cms/site/us/lang/en_US/home/company/sear-reports/sear-2011. How to cite Marketing: Ice Cream and Jerry, Essay examples

Language and Society

Question: Discuss about the Language and Society. Answer: The aim of the following paper is to make a fruitful analysis and discussion regarding the summary made by Rajend Mesthrie on the theoretical standpoint of Pierre Bourdieu on the theory of power. The main concentration of the paper would be on the point of view shown by theory of language and power by Pierre Bourdieu according to Rajend Mesthrie. However, prior to make in-depth evaluation of Mesthries summary on theory of language and power, the paper would understand and define some key phrases regarding the considered theory of Pierre Bourdieu. At the same time, significant concepts like symbolic power, symbolic domination and habitus would be also taken into consideration. It has been identified that according to Pierre Bourdieu, the economics of linguistic exchange is related with the term of linguistic capital. Linguistic capital is considered as a subtype of the concept of cultural capital, which has a broader grandeur. Therefore, the economics of linguistic exchange is understandably the exchange of the linguistic capital in the linguistic marketplace (Mesthrie, 2009). As per Bourdieus point of view, linguistic capital means different languages as well as varied symbolic values of those individual languages. In terms of economics of linguistic exchange, it needs to be said that standard languages possess relatively more value for having overt prestige in the linguistic market (Mesthrie, 2009). On the other hand, similarly like the standard languages, in the linguistic market, vernaculars also enjoy a same value of prestige. However, coming to the point of Mesthries summary on Bourdieus concept of symbolic power and sociolinguistic, it is to say ini tially that Mesthrie has found out that Bourdieu has researched beyond the apparent discourse analysis in order to address varied concerns regarding modern sociolinguistics (Mesthrie, 2015). Further, as per Mesthrie, Bourdieus view is primarily regarding politics, education, socio-culture and language. However, the interesting fact regarding his view on politics, socio-cultural aspect, education and language play a significant role in offering a potential base for establishing a unified theory of sociolinguistics (Durian, 2011). According to Mesthrie, from Bourdieus point of view linguistic interaction possesses the significant traces of social structure and helps them to be expressed as well as to reproduce. Most interestingly, Mesthrie has highlighted the one of the most significant fact discussed by Bourdieu, which is indicates that the sociolinguistic competence surpasses mere formulations and articulations of competence that is grammar and competence based. Mesthrie has pointed out that as per Bourdieus opinion highly argues the fact that the act of speaking corresponds the performance of passing sentence. As per Mesthries view Bourdies conceptualization is indicati ve of the fact that the effectiveness of the aforementioned performative pronunciation is not directly can be identified within language. According to Bourdie, these performative utterences are more related to and derive from a premise that provides proper meaning to individual pronunciations (Harke et al., 2016). However, it has been identified from Mesthries summary that according to Bourdieus point of view, human individuals are eligible for four kinds of resources, which are economic, cultural, social and symbolic capital (Benson, 2016). On the other hand, it has been also understood from Bourdieus perception that the distribution of human individuals is determined by the amount of capital or resource they possess, the particular composition of the resources or the capitals and their individual flight in the social atmosphere (Jenkins, 2014). Most significantly, Mesthrie has pointed out that the Bourdieus thinking is related with two chief aspects, which are communicative economy and the power of symbol. As per Mesthries understanding, Bourdie regarding his theoretical standpoint of linguistic power had invested all his interest in identifying the elements of linguistic exchange and the amount and type of capital accumulated by the linguistic investment (Mesthrie, 2015). In this context, it is required to mention that the fundamental concept of the symbolic power was first underpinned by Pierre Bourdieu. According to the conceptual view, symbolic power is indicative of the discipline that is utilized against other in order to confirm an individuals particular position in the society. In this respect, it should be accounted also that the Bourdieus conceptualization regarding sociological work is concentrated with two predominant aspects significance of body and the social practices (Wacquant, 2013). It is interesting to denote that in Mesthries summary and account on Bourdieus theory of power, there is the mention of the aforementioned theoretical assumption of Bourdieu. Mesthries point of view on Bourdies theory also has highlighted that Bourdieus theoretical underpinning has been indicative of the fact that particular social relation between the speakers determine individual linguistic interaction. It has been understood well that power is not alwa ys exercised in form of a physical force as most of the time power is transformed into symbolic attire and thereafter it is practiced with the help of symbolic exchanges (Swartz, 2013). The central or most significant part of the social power and its practice is considered by Bourdieu to be the control of symbolic market place. In this respect, one particular term should be evaluated, which is the symbolic domination. The distinct phrase is indicative of a particular procedure through which the ruling or the dominant class impose the norms on the linguistic market integrated by education and high society. It has been understood that according to Bourdieu, the particular power of the dominant class being the chief legitimate competence is considered to be the symbolic domination (Yuval-Davis, 2016). On the other hand, the dominance is considered to be the linguistic power and most significantly the procedure of learning how to make appropriate expression, which would have impressive value in the linguistic market. However, in this forefront, the Bourdieus final conceptualization regarding Habitus should be granted. It has been understood from Bourdieus interpretation that habitus plays the role of a medium between the material condition that is objective and the subjective dimensions of class that is uniformed by social lifestyle as well as class (Gulledge et al., 2014). It is needed to mention here that habitus is an individual procedure that transform the deposition of society into well structured propensities and lasting dispositions. In this respect, it should be considered also that habitus should not be considered as a result made of free will as per the reason that it is not created by structures (Gulledge et al., 2014). It is required to denote here that as per Bourdieus concept, habitus is an interplay that performs between the dispositions and the shape. Here, shape is indicative of the condition that determines the current practice as well as structure. On the other hand, another va riable disposition means the tendency that is formed by past and present consequences. Mesthries final opinion regarding the Bourdieus theory is a worth admit table fact that for having an understanding regarding macro and micro linguistic variation, situation and values, the theoretical underpinning of Bourdieu is highly required (Mesthrie, 2009). Henceforth, from the above discussion and analysis, it has been understood that Bourdieus main concern has been to indicate that symbolic power is the aspect through which exhibition of meaning is constructed. Most significantly, the above discussion has pointed out that every individual in the society is eligible for economic, cultural, social and symbolic capitals. Finally, it is to conclude with the main understanding deduced from the discourse that linguistic capital through which symbolic dominance is established is different languages as well as varied symbolic values of those individual languages. References Benson, R. (2016). Bourdieu, Pierre.The International Encyclopedia of Communication Theory and Philosophy. Durian, D. (2011). Rajend Mesthrie, Joan Swann, Ana Deumert, William Leap. Introducing sociolinguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2009. Pp. xxvi, 500. Pb. $34.95.Language in Society,40(03), 373-377. Gulledge, E. A., Roscoe, P. J., Townley, B. (2014). Acquiring an economic habitus: the role of calculation in learning the rules of the game'. Harker, R., Mahar, C., Wilkes, C. (Eds.). (2016).An introduction to the work of Pierre Bourdieu: The practice of theory. Springer. Jenkins, R. (2014).Pierre bourdieu. Routledge. Mesthrie, R. (2009).Introducing sociolinguistics. Edinburgh University Press. Mesthrie, R. (2015). Towards a distributed sociolinguistics of postcolonial multilingual societies.Globalising sociolinguistics: Challenging and expanding theory, 80. Swartz, D. L. (2013).Symbolic power, politics, and intellectuals: The political sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. University of Chicago Press. Wacquant, L. (2013). Symbolic power and group-making: On Pierre Bourdieus reframing of class.Journal of Classical Sociology,13(2), 274-291. Yuval-Davis, N. (2016). Power, intersectionality and the politics of belonging. InThe Palgrave Handbook of Gender and Development(pp. 367-381). Palgrave Macmillan UK.