The Traits of Heathclif in Wuthering Heights Essay -- essays research

In Emily Brontã «'s book, Wuthering Heights, we, the peruser, are acquainted with a gathering of fascinating characters. The antiheroic fundamental character, Heathcliff, is an unpredictable character with many distinctive qualities. Heathcliff follows up on his sentiments and makes a significant notoriety for himself. Heathcliff is loaded with retribution, regardless, he is extremely adoring. Heathcliff's retribution is appeared and demonstrated all through the book. Indeed, even as a kid Heathcliff would make statements, for example, I'm attempting to settle how I will repay. I couldn't care less to what extent I pause, in the event that I can just do it, finally. I trust he won't pass on before I do?No, God won?t have the fulfillment that I shall?I just wish I knew the most ideal way! Leave me be, and I?ll plan it out: while I?m thinking?? (Brontã « 55-56) This, as we, the peruser, later observe happen. In the wake of being dismissed by the affection for his life, Catherine, Heathcliff must choose the option to discover another accomplice. Heathcliff isn't distraught at Catherine for wedding another person, however rather her thought process why. Catherine reveals to Nelly Dean, the servant, that it is despicable to herself if she somehow managed to wed Heathcliff. Catherine says it would be despicable on the grounds that Heathcliff is more neediness stricken and denie d of numerous this she needs. (Brontã « 75) Heathcliff pursues away hearing this, just to return months after the fact more honorable man like. Catherine?s sister-in-law, Isabella, experiences passionate feelings for Heathcliff after his arrival and Heathcliff understands this. Heathcliff is an entrepreneur, so he weds Isabella deliberately, realizing Catherine would get envious. This is the one of the primary most noteworthy case of vengeance. A second case of how Heathcliff looked for vengeance on others, has to do with his stepbrother, Hindley. Heathcliff wan... ...particle of tears. ?Come in! Come ready!? he wailed. ?Cathy, do come in. Goodness,- - again! Gracious! my heart?s sweetheart, hear me this time- - Catherine, finally.?? (Brontã « 25) Although, Heathcliff has a child, was hitched, and twenty years have gone after her demise Heathcliff is as yet energetic about his affection for Catherine. This shows Heathcliff is really adoring in light of the fact that much following twenty years, he is still consistent with Catherine and still needs an opportunity to give her his true love for her. Despite the fact that Heathcliff has his negative sides which bamboozled him frequently, he was likewise committed and mindful. The various parts of Heathcliff make his a genuinely novel, complex, and intriguing character. Heathcliff?s opposing attributes make him an individual who?s merits an opportunity to take a gander at. The two sides of Heathcliff are appeared all through the book, and make him what his identity is.

Free Essays on Gender Roles In The Media

Sex Roles Found in the Media While experiencing Mc Donald’s drive-through when requesting a Happy Meal, you are face with the inquiry, â€Å"Do you need a young lady toy or a kid toy?† Do you consider the inquiry or simply answer promptly as indicated by the sex of your kid? Most wouldn’t delay and would react right away. Is the media having a positive or negative impact on mingling our kids into explicit sex jobs or do you think sex jobs are organically decided? As indicated by much research, different things, for example, TV, toys, employments, and promoting are building sexual orientation jobs. As indicated by numerous researchers sexual orientation is being scholarly and isn't intrinsic. There are numerous things found in the public arena that are adding to this. In any case, consider TV and the depictions of guys and females. Most of TV programs present men as prevailing, effective, forceful, ground-breaking, and more brutal than ladies who are viewed as steady, agreeable, sweet, and naã ¯ve. Besides, most of lead jobs found in TV and films are being commanded by men. Their jobs are generally significantly more energizing and intriguing. Ladies are regularly discovered working in the house, as an attendant, or as a secretary. Indeed, even in late shows such, as Survivor the men are the ones demonstrated chasing and slaughtering the creatures. The ladies are the ones who remain back with a tear in their eye, pausing for a minute to feel for the creature being killed. Is this an exact depiction of how the ladies are feeling or is this altering technique done to engage the crowd? I believe that a large portion of the ladies barring the veggie lovers would be amazingly amped up for the catch of a wild pig to eat. Kid's shows are another significant viewpoint to examine when discussing TV. Female characters are likewise oppressed. At the point when they are spoken to they regularly have exhausting jobs. A case of this is Wilma from the Flintstones. It was consistently Fred who had... Free Essays on Gender Roles In The Media Free Essays on Gender Roles In The Media Sexual orientation Roles Found in the Media While experiencing Mc Donald’s drive-through when requesting a Happy Meal, you are face with the inquiry, â€Å"Do you need a young lady toy or a kid toy?† Do you consider the inquiry or simply answer quickly as indicated by the sex of your kid? Most wouldn’t delay and would react right away. Is the media having a positive or negative impact on mingling our kids into explicit sexual orientation jobs or do you think sex jobs are organically decided? As indicated by much research, different things, for example, TV, toys, occupations, and publicizing are developing sexual orientation jobs. As per numerous researchers sexual orientation is being educated and isn't inborn. There are numerous things found in the public eye that are adding to this. In any case, consider TV and the depictions of guys and females. Most of network shows present men as prevailing, fruitful, forceful, ground-breaking, and more fierce than ladies who are viewed as steady, consistent, sweet, and naã ¯ve. Besides, most of lead jobs found in TV and motion pictures are being commanded by men. Their jobs are normally substantially more energizing and fascinating. Ladies are regularly discovered working in the house, as a medical attendant, or as a secretary. Indeed, even in late shows such, as Survivor the men are the ones indicated chasing and murdering the creatures. The ladies are the ones who remain back with a tear in their eye, pausing for a minute to feel for the creature being killed. Is this an exact depiction of how the ladies are feeling or is this altering technique done to interest the crowd? I imagine that the majority of the ladies barring the veggie lovers would be amazingly amped up for the catch of a wild pig to eat. Kid's shows are another significant angle to examine when discussing TV. Female characters are additionally oppressed. At the point when they are spoken to they regularly have exhausting jobs. A case of this is Wilma from the Flintstones. It was consistently Fred who had...

Dont forget about todays fellowship deadline COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Dont forget about todays fellowship deadline COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Ill try to keep things short because I know youre busy finalizing your application for admission. (Hint, hint.) Anyone who wants to be considered for Fall admission to the two year MIA/MPA/MPA-DP program has until this evening to submit their completed application. When I say completed, I mean  absolutely everything on the checklist. Every recommendation letter, essay response, transcript, and test score. If any part of your application is missing it will be considered ineligible for review as part of the fellowship round.  If that happens youre still eligible to apply for admission (without fellowship consideration), and youll have an extra month to get your materials together. If you dont know what youre missing, take a look at your Status Page for a little help. Youve also been getting weekly or biweekly emails detailing whats missing, so there shouldnt be any confusion on whats needed. (The last missing materials email went out on Dec. 26.) When you submit your application youll receive three messages: One message confirming you paid your deposit (an auto-response from the system and another within 24 hours from us after youve paid it); one message confirming youve  submitted your application within 24 hours; and a third message within two to four weeks confirming your application is  complete. As long as you receive the submitted email, youre golden well consider you  under tonights deadline. The completed email just means weve physically reviewed all of your materials by hand and that its good to move on to the Admissions Committee. Some of you may be missing something minor and wont receive this email right away. In that case, well contact you directly to update your application, and you may or may not still be considered under the appropriate deadline (its at the discretion of the Admissions Committee). For example, if you made an honest mistake and uploaded your personal statement twice and your policy essay as an additional document or a transcript, well fix the error and will still consider you for the round. But if you upload a blank document in place of your required score report because you failed to take an  exam (which is required), then that could be considered  a fraudulent action. (Still confused on the difference between submitted and completed? Read this.) I dont want to stress anyone out, but just be aware of what youre doing in your application. Take advantage of the Review tab in your application and preview your application proof prior to submission. What you see is what Admissions Committee sees when they review your app, so there shouldnt be any surprises regarding what youve submitted to us. So how late can you submit your app today? Well, for all of you who love to teeter on the edge of procrastination and sheer luck, you have until 11:59 p.m. EST (UTC-5) tonight to hit that submit button. I recommend you turn in everything earlier in the day in case you run into any technical glitches. Why? Well, unfortunately our helpline closes at 5:00 p.m., so if you run into any issues afterward youre on your own.

General Anxiety Disorders and Treatments Thereof - 1914 Words

General Anxiety Disorders and Treatments Thereof Blake C Blanchard Southwestern Oklahoma State University Abstract One of the most common disorders in our society today is generalized anxiety disorder. I am going to dive in to the methods of treatment and thoroughly discuss the various ways this disorder is handled. I experience anxiety when it comes to being in large bodies of water and also when I see spiders. Treatment options for anxiety disorders range from herbal remedies to prescribed medication. There are so many treatment options that I had no idea were even a possibility. The treatments I am going to talk about and describe in depth are ones that I researched and were shown to have the highest success rate. This could be†¦show more content†¦But with every medication comes side effects, and the effects include sexual problems, weight gain, and insomnia (Harvard Mental Health Letter, 2011). One such study found that adolescents who received a combination treatment, that is with cognitive behavioral therapy and drugs, was the most successful. Randomized patients were to receive sertraline, CBT, sertraline and CBT, or placebo for 12 weeks (Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, 2009). It was concluded that 81% of the patients that underwent the combination therapy were able to greatly reduce their symptoms (Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, 2009). It has been shown that CBT in schools can greatly reduce childhood anxiety attacks. Sixty-one children, aged 7 to 11 years, were randomized to receive group CBT for children, group CBT for children plus parent training, or no treatment for 9 weeks. After a 12-month follow-up period, those who received CBT had significantly less anxiety severity than those in the control group. The authors noted that treatment effects of CBT can be maintained for a 12-month period in children who have anxiety (Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, 2009). 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Risk Management Theory In Financial Institutions Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3661 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Risk infers the opportunity that something is going wrong that is the current and most common view. The Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy 2007 explains risk as a negative role and unnecessary event. Risk is a totally chance or can be managed is an individual response. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Risk Management Theory In Financial Institutions Finance Essay" essay for you Create order The last position is dealing to take by the management researchers. The argues on this view that we cannot eliminate risk at least we can expect it at anytime, and to decrease its impact we may put it in place processes. Insincere behaviour, financial loss, safety violations, are the important consequences of poor risk management. Researchers have established that poor control on internal issues, not sufficient government rules and regulations, and misalignment of firm incentives are to responsible (Marshall et al., 1996). Basically the process of knowing what risk actually is, the consequences or the outcomes or predicting the possibility and the outcomes of that risk, deciding what path to follow either to take risk or to either to avoid, and in last either to develop and apply strategies in responding the risk (De Zoysa and Russell, 2003). Risk management became a main concern of both organizations or businesses and government as it puts risk management on all managers du e to the September 11 attacks, Enron, World Com, and the troubles in financial markets due to recent dealings (Springer, Christine Gibbs, 2009) The significant change in Banking around the world is a very clear evident from the changes that have been occurred in the financial institutions, markets and products. To argument on revenues deregulation has opened a new vista for banks; it has a greater struggle and therefore will have greater risk. To remain reasonable in the globalized environment, entry of newly developed products, cross border flows and mainly copied instruments have a significant impact on the local or domestic banking sector which drive them to correct the product mix, as it also effect there processes and operations. Consumers are highly encouraged because of these developments, they have greater choices and now they have become more intelligent and demanding forceful banks to offer wider range products through different distribution channels. The defining attri butes of banks and other financial intermediaries has emerged as risk management. Now a days globalization is the most important issue of shaping the world. The benefits of globalization are being increasingly popular and very well known. Communication and information technologies have been facilitated by wonderful advancement because of the inclusion of domestic and international markets. But such combination meant that a problem in one country will also have negative impact on one of more countries even if they are strong. The development of an efficient financial system plays a very important role in raising countries out of their low level of stability trap and this development reforms the financial sector. According to 2002 annual report of World Bank it has been observe that for reduction of poverty, growth and for a sound investment environment a healthy financial system is a condition. The operational atmospheres have undergone a huge change bringing to for the signifi cant importance of controlling an entire variety of financial risks. Higher the risk the more return will you get. The meaning of risk is for different people there are different things. For some of them it is financial (interest call money rates, exchange rates), the merger and acquisition among the competitors around the world to form more powerful entities and not the leveraging IT optimally and for some it is a commitment or event which has the power to create more business liability or damaging brand image. By taking risk it does meant that u will get forth benefits as well since risk is accepted as a trade off between return and danger in business. In other words it is essential to agree to risks, if the need is to get together the expected benefits. There are so many risks which are faced in the quickly increasing world of business and the investors must be careful about them in enlarging its operations. As risk is a factor which is constantly found in making business d ecisions and fixing suitable ways to handle and to make less intense risks is an important part to the farthest achievement of any original investment or enlargement of an already present business process. (Alan et al 2004) As the risks have constantly being a part of economic progress, the year 1990s has seen risk management becoming an critical business purpose in the banks and some other financial institutions. The reasons, why did it become so important , were the heavy losses which the worldwide companies suffered from during the 1990s as it gave a heavy blow to the economic institutions and made them stress on risk management and to have some check and balance. However, the union of the companies and industry globalization, difficulty and the rapidly increasing request of customers were already directing to an immense/informal emphasis on to make certain that those losses did not occur due to harsh market situations, contracts failures or unsuitable and indecent controls , system or persons. These factors focussed the attention to increase the value of rules and regulations and banking and monetary institutions have got to fix fast to the principles of banking law pleaded by the Basel Capital Accord. They must increase the strength of covered controls, raise the act of useful, and open financial information and make sure the use of inspection, this is all not to sustain the healthy process of the banking and economic markets. What is included in this is, to establish the identity and to determine the quantity of several risks in advance, and to set up and to take out effective n striking risk management. Wipple said that taking risk is the heart of the business investment bank. He further said that the regulations and administration will slow down the financial system of United Kingdom. (Euro week 2009). PA consulting group pointed out after a fresh survey from 100 different banks that while the banks have the tools for the effective risk f or most of the parts. To support the full variety of their business decisions they are not using those tools. According to the Dyfed Bowen, of the PA consulting Group, says while investing in risk management system that is the requirement to think regarding the business settlements and not the obedience issues. To get the benefits from the Basel LI And other controlling demands, into a positive net profit banks must change the cost of agreement. (Financial times 2002) And thats why banks need to be acting in companionship with that, as the implementation deadline is still not ended and it is up to 2006. Data ware house- type risk is the main way to meet up with these requirements, will help in providing large picture exposure of a project. Assessing operational risk can also be helped through data ware house as long as an understanding of the connection between banks and clients and the amazing activity of traders. (Financial times 2002) Industrial background Banking Sector: There are a number of risks which banking process is a subject of; it includes credit, market and the risk that arises from the difficulty of selling an asset. It is an important part of their risk management that banks need to conduct and to determine the quantity of these risks on a frequent basis, carry on with the same capital and liquidity buffers that are enough to secure them against huge and negative shocks. There are many systematic tools which have been introducer to look at these risks in division, especially for credit and market risk. At all events, there is no joined economic capital model which unites risks in a sound and firm fashion. That is why, banks examine the risks separately, decode total economic capital by some already existing and fixed rules. To calculate, the risk specific buffers, is a common rule, and then just adding them up to calculate a banks total capital. The world and United Kingdom economy is keep on benefiting from a stable time of fixed de velopment. In the beginning of 2004 and over the last few years a strong financial performance is produced by the banks which are benefited from the economic health. There are no signs in the failing of asset quality and the banks are remaining strong capitalized. But as always the downside risk or drawbacks to the macroeconomics are always there. (Kari Hale 2004) Combination of risks, evaluation of management, analysis and some degree of risk involves in all banking activities. In Credit risk there are some more risks including cross border risk, operational risk, market risk and liquidity risk is the most important risk. Equity price risks, interest rate risks and foreign exchange risks are including in market risk. Oil and Gas sector: Risk management is of principal magnitude to the economic penalty of reserves in oil and gas industry where such reserves can go beyond US$1 billion, and several years to complete. It is due to the outmost statistical measure of the amount of fluctuation in a stocks price within a period of energy entity prices it has been considered for long enough that business performed in the petroleum, natural gas, and electricity industries are certainly easy to be affected to market prices risks and other commercial risks and the political risk management in the energy industry plays a rapidly increasing significant role since the worlds oil and gas production plan is directly connected to the geopolitical position of reserves. Airline Sector: Due to recession around the world the time is not favourable for the Airline industry. The Airline industry is facing the worst situation as ever and it is really not easy to fight with this situation. There is a statement which shows very clearly the importance of the situation, and the statement is that the airline industry is just hardly living by keeping their head above the water. There is a lot decline in the airline flights. There is a lot decrease in the number of passengers this year. The worst has yet to come if there is a consideration of the analysis. In next few years the situation for airline industry will become more tense and worst if the same global economic recession never ended. This condition merely belongs to many factors like, the major factor considered for the fall of airline industry is that, because of the world recession there is a hike in fuel prices. The fuel prices and the recession worldwide play a vital role in the current situation of airline ind ustry. Managing Risk: The assessment of complex must not be done through instinct. Sometimes we make detailed models when system gets difficult. It seems very doubtful when somebody quantify risk management. Some shortcuts were in fact measured right. But whatever the drawback of quantitative model may be, the drawbacks of unaided instinct are greater. The incentives must be associated. If one party is harm by risk then they can do assess that risk. When the public has somewhat at risk then there will be hand of regulators in modelling risk. The final risk is faulty risk management and if it is missed by the regulators, then they will fail again in addressing the issue. (Douglas Hubbard) Risk can be managed in many different ways. Hedging: A boldly handled fixed interest securities of investments that uses progressed and developed investment planning such as Positional advantage; power to act effectively, long, short and derivative positions in both national and international markets with the aim of producing high returns either in a complete sense or over a specified market benchmark. In a legal manner, hedge funds are very often set up as private investment partnership that are open for a less number of investors are demand a very large first minimum investment. Investment in hedge funds are illiquid as they often need investors keep their money in the funds at least for the period of year. Insurance: A promise of compensation for specific potential future losses: in exchange for a periodic payment. Insurance is designed to protect the financial well-being of an individual, company or other entity in the case of unexpected loss. Some forms of insurance are required by law, while others are optional. Agreeing to the terms of an insurance policy creates a contract between the insured and the insurer. In exchange for payments from the insured (called premiums), the insurer agrees to pay the policy holder a sum of money upon the occurrence of a specific event. In most cases, the policy holder pays part of the loss (called the deductible), and the insurer pays the rest. Examples include car insurance, health insurance, disability insurance, life insurance, and business insurance. Diversification: The mean of diversification is to expand the business activities into many other fields, or to allocate funds in order to standard the risk of failure. In financial crisis diversification is used especially to reduce the risk involve in businesses. The expansion of making new goods and services and sell it to the existing or new consumers bases is very much risky, but by handling well it can change a business. Aim: The aim of this report is basically to examine the theory and practice of risk management, not just in high opinion of British banks but as well in other business sectors and in geographic area all over the world. Research question: Research question is to find out what is the role of risk management in financial sector during the financial crunch? Hypothesis: Ho: Risk management can save financial institution in financial crunch. H1: Risk management can not save financial institution in financial crunch. Objective of Risk Management: The most important goal of risk management is to secure the property, wages and the body of persons employed by or active in an organization, business, or service of the organization against damages and responsibility that legally binds an individual or company to settle a balance due that may happen due to several risks. Two different main points come out while explaining the objectives of risk management The first main point is about managing risk, increasing the productivity and creating more opportunities out of the risks. And the second most important point is regarding minimizing risk or loss and the protection of mutual assets. An organization management needs to decide on the purpose either they want to manage or shrink risk management functions. Taking educated management decisions on opportunities, outstanding the right balance between risks and controls and pressure facing by an organization is basically all about managing risk. Both the situations for exa mple more or less controlling risks are mainly unwanted as the previous means high costs and the final means prospective risk exposure. The principal function of the risk management in the changed plans is that it is restraints not only the pure risks but also enlarge out the services to observe and control the risks of all types which arise from a business. Minimizing or explanatory of risk management means that the justifying of all risks even if there is an excess in the cost of minimizing risk and outweighs the cost benefit analysis. Furthermore it may mean that opportunities are not effectively broken. Recognition and management of risk is more famous for the financial services as compare to the consumer products industry where it is less recognized as in the context of risk management functions. What are risk management functions and what are its primary objectives? Accordance with the global survey conducted almost 35% of the respondents stated that risk management f unction is basically use to optimize risk. In the context of the risk management function, identification and management of Risk is more prominent for the financial services sector and less so for consumer products business. What are the primary objectives of your risk management function? When specifically asked respondents stated that their risk management function is to be sure clearly mandated to optimise risk. (Damith Kasagala 2008) Research Methodology: Classify experiential Research: In any study movement, the researchers plan is to locate out wonderful about wonderful. This can be completed in diverse ways; single method, generally worn in HCI, is experimental research. Experiential research is characterising by the declaration that data or theory that is plagiaristic from it is here at as a product of explanation or research. (Robson, 2002) write down that experimental research absorb a systematic examination of an understanding which have to be equally unconvinced and ethical. (Cresswell, 2005) identifies the break up progression that makes up experimental research to be alive Classification of a research problem Review of the active literature Specification of a reason Collection of facts Analysis and motivation of data Exposure on and evaluating data Normally a study crisis is formulated in a very common method and then the beneficiary recognize dissimilar reason that read out how the following data collect will acquire place and how i t resolve be evaluate. In a number of examples, the beneficiary has an idea that he needs to check out; in previous belongings the researcher has experimental an experience that he wishes to extend a supposition about. These two advances are occasionally referred to as normative along with non-normative or deductive and inductive. It is ordinary to equal these come close to to two study styles, these organism quantitative study and qualitative study (Cohen and Manion, 1994). Quantitative Research: The broad procedure in quantitative research is to investigation a supposition by recounting self-governing variables to needy variables in a secured situation. Review and trial are usually old for quantitative learning Qualitative Research: It is commonly thought (wrongly) with the aim of qualitative research is any research that does not contain numbers! This is not a good explanation as it is the move near to the facts convenes that is transformed in the two styles of research slightly than the outputs. Qualitative research aims to discover, determine, understand or explain phenomena that have already been famous but are not well understand. The outfit that are second-hand used for qualitative research embrace explanation and interviews and the mechanical device is justification. In this kind of research, theories are frequently grounded in data and ethnographic and storyline methods are used to help in the analysis and understanding of shared relations and phenomena. As the objectives of my research is essentially to inspect the theory and practice of risk management, not just in high attitude of British banks but as well in other business sectors and in geographic area all over the globe, So for that there are two main research methods. Primary data Secondary data Primary data Sources of in rank are usually categorised as prime, lesser or tertiary depending lying on their freshness and their closeness to the resource or beginning. For example, systematic information moves through a propagation cycle. Firstly, conclusion might be communicated easily by email, and then offered at meetings before being officially available as a primary source. Once available, they will then be indexed in bibliographic record, and repackaged and comment upon by others in less significant (secondary) sources. The description of primary, secondary and tertiary change between disciplines or subjects mainly between what can typically be clear as the knowledge and the humanities. Prime (primary) sources for censor studying the narrative of the Second humanity War are diverse from individuals for a examine scientist investigate new pills for arthritis. The critics primary sources are the verse, stories, and movies of the time. The study scientists primary sources are the grades of laboratory check and the medicinal records of enduring treated with the pills. You must at all times check with your coach or tutor if in  hesitation. And there is some main kind of primary data which includes explanation, surveys, interviews, personal approaches, letters, handset, computer, private etc. Secondary data Secondary Data is presented in sequence that has been gathered for some principle Outside the development process. Obtaining Secondary Data in perform generally capital Desk or library research. Information can be obtained from the data that is usually composed by the planning institute or from outside sources. External data are gathered by other organizations moreover for their own use or for business use. Universal sources of unimportant data are, for example, various automated databases, relatives, other government agencies and different available sources such as Libraries and newspapers. A computerized record can provide information on an open series of topics, and lists of marketable databases are generally available in community libraries. Librarians can also be priceless in the search for definite information for development. Among the potentially useful data provided by management agencies are demographic facts, service data and individual reports on industries. Other ex amples of secondary data are past information and survey data. Relations may have expensive information about management or common aspects. To estimate the importance of information for the development process it is vital to know how and why the information was shaped. Resources and requirements †¢Skills †¢apparatus †¢Time †¢Books †¢Training The research method I am using for my research is primary and secondary data research. The research question shows that I have to write my report mainly on banking sector but I will also explain about other sectors like oil and gas and air line. I have chosen these sectors because a country economy is mainly dependant upon banking and oil and gas, air line sectors also play a vital role in country economy. The aim of this research is to study about the role of risk management in financial institutions and thats why it has relationship with research objectives, research methodology. Because in research objectives we have to look about the role of risk management in different business sector and the data which will be collected for the research are both primary and secondary. Timescale: The maximum time required for this project is up to three months. Collection of data up to Twenty days Five days for Introduction Ten days for literature review Ten days for Analysis and discussion. All other tasks up to one month.

Marketing Ice Cream and Jerry Free Essays

Market Research Report for Ben Jerry’s Ice Cream By: Swati Sugandh Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Incorporated started in 1978 when Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield bought their first ice cream scoop shop in Burlington, Vermont. Since then, Ben Jerry’s has grown from being only offered in Vermont to other States and Countries around the world. Throughout the growth of Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing: Ice Cream and Jerry or any similar topic only for you Order Now , many movements have been made in aspects of ingredients, packaging, advertising, and image. An example of these movements is branching out from common Ben Jerry’s Ice Cream to Greek and Sorbet types of desserts. The support of Farm Aid and Fair Trade are two imperative factors in regards to image and ingredients for Ben Jerry’s ice cream. In today’s society, customer awareness is vital in promoting anyone’s product in the instance for Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. their web site has been able to inform awareness of the variety of premium flavors they offer, their memorabilia available in their online store, and all the benefits that Ben Jerry’s Ice Cream offers their customers. Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. recognizes that the majority of their loyal customers are women between the ages of twenty to forty years old. Due to that fact most of the advertising done to promote Ben Jerry’s ice cream is done in the areas that would reach this target market. Although Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. has many strengths there are some areas that Ben Jerry’s could grow in and develop in order to reach future customers to widen their target market. Overall, Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. s a well known company that has been around for many years and will continue to be due to their dedication to their unique flavors and types of ice cream and frozen desserts. For the continual growth of Ben Jerry’s the company is always discovering alternative ways to make and promote their company at all aspects of the creation of the perfect pint of premium ice cream. Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. strives to â€Å"create prosperity for everyone that’s connected to their business: suppliers, employees, farmers, franchisees, customers, and neighbors alike† (Ben Jerry’s). There are many ways that Ben Jerry’s has accomplished meeting these goals. First is their growing Fair Trade movement, this movement is about empowering small farmers in developing countries to compete and thrive in the global marketplace. Ben Jerry’s buy’s cocoa, vanilla, sugar, coffee, and bananas from many different parts of the world. Additional ways that Ben Jerry’s upholds their goals are by using cage-free and free-range eggs, and by their Caring Dairy program that only uses cows that have no rBGH (recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone). The containers of Ben Jerry’s Ice cream is Forest Stewardship Council certified which means, â€Å"that the paperboard comes from forests that are managed for the protection of wildlife habitat, maintenance of biodiversity, avoidance of genetically modified tree species, and protection of traditional and civil rights, among other Rainforest Alliance criteria for healthy forests† (SEAR). Ben Jerry’s offers over 30 different flavors of ice cream; they also have other types of ice desserts such as sherbet, and Greek yogurt for all customers to enjoy their favorite flavor and type. Ben Jerry’s is a multinational corporation with their products offered all around the world. Although Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. has many strengths, they still have the weakness of the price of their product compared to their competitors. An example of this is one pint of Ben Jerry’s is about five dollars, but for a half gallon of ice cream from Blue Bell it is only about seven dollars. Therefore, Ben Jerry’s has to deal with many would be buyers that say I get more for my money from other ice cream sellers. Another weakness is that although Ben and Jerry’s offer many unique flavors, many customers prefer original flavors. Ben Jerry’s have started to rectify this particular weakness by now offering original flavors with better ingredients to enhance the flavor. Lastly, Ben Jerry’s is available to buy at many grocery stores; however, at those said locations many only offer a small portion of the flavors that Ben Jerry’s offers. Thus, some customers never get to have the chance of trying many of the flavors. Even though Ben Jerry’s is a multinational corporation with many ocations, and their products are around the world, there are still some opportunities that Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. could take advantage of. First off, Ben Jerry’s could stand to update their advertising in the sense of some commercials, and social media campaigns. By doing this, they could inform people that do not know about their ice cream and all they o ffer, including a gift shop at certain locations and online. Second, Ben Jerry’s could consider branching out and offering ice cream sandwiches and a half gallon of ice cream. This would allow them to reach people in the summer time that want a grab and run outside type of treat or, by offering the half gallon they could reach people that eat ice cream frequently and feel like a pint is too small. Society is a major threat for Ben Jerry’s right now in the sense that society dictates that one should be very conscience of eating right and being thin. Ben Jerry’s is held responsible for encouraging people to eat unhealthy with promoting ice cream, and therefore blamed for the â€Å"obesity epidemic†. To help promote a better image Ben Jerry’s have started to offer the Greek yogurt ice cream. Another threat like many other markets is competition as stated earlier many competitors offer a larger quantity for close or equal amount of money. To try to counter this threat Ben Jerry’s has started offering coupons. While considering all these strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats Ben Jerry’s must always consider their target market which ranges from twenty to forty year old women, and anyone who has a sweet tooth. Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. trives to make sure there is absolutely no discrimination whether based on economic status, age, gender, or race. Customers of all ages and ethnic backgrounds are encouraged to try Ben Jerry’s ice cream by having it available in all grocery stores in order to make them lifetime customers. Although society is changing Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. does recognize that women are sti ll the primary grocery shopper for families, therefore leading them to be a good portion of the target market. â€Å"The women being targeted are 20-40 years of age who’ll probably have a family size of two to five. The average family income is $30,000 plus†(Allen 20). Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. are targeting these types of women because they tend to care more about what products they are putting into their own bodies and those of their families. Since Ben Jerry’s ice cream is made with the most eco-friendly and organic ingredients most women tend to appreciate it compared to other types of ice creams that might not use the best ingredients, they also tend to not gain as much value when they buy competitors ice cream. Even though Ben Jerry’s target market is women, they are still trying to reach every possible customer by offering something for every type of ice cream consumer, in hopes of widening our target market. To ensure Ben Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. is promoting their product to the before mentioned target market, we use the best ingredients to ensure the value of the unique and innovative flavors of ice cream are made organically by using cage free humane eggs and steroid free milk from farms in Vermont and other states. Another beneficial strategy that Ben Jerry’s offers are their availability of their products. Ben Jerry’s initial efforts to market products involved selling their ice cream from the back of Ben’s Volkswagen. In the following few years, they started selling through local independent distributors and opened franchises of their ice cream shop in several states. Then Ben ; Jerry added grocery store locations and the Ben ; Jerry’s web site, where customers can buy the premium ice cream from single serve cups to two point five gallon buckets. Ben ; Jerry’s recently started to open Scoop Shops across the nation. These locations offer ice cream cones and unique flavors not found in most grocery stores; thus, breaking into the ice cream parlor sector. Although Ben ; Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. is not known for ice cream treats such as ice cream sandwiches or other such things; Ben ; Jerry’s does occasionally offer novelty ice cream treats, such as the â€Å"Peace Pops†. The strategy of offering Ben ; Jerry’s premium ice cream in most grocery stores and at Scoop Shops ensures availability. Ben ; Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. has been successful in creating brand loyalty with their target market by promoting their product through online advertising, street marketing and outdoor marketing. With these three types of advertising, the first one offers coupons for loyal customers to use and future customers the opportunity to try Ben ; Jerry’s ice cream at a discounted rate. Street and outdoor marketing involves offering free ice cream to people directly, allowing Ben ; Jerry’s to find out how people feel about flavors and Ben ; Jerry’s immediately. Similarly Ben ; Jerry’s Scoop Shops offer select deals on ice cream cones throughout the year. Another way that Ben ; Jerry’s Homemade Holdings, Inc. promotes their premium ice cream is by their â€Å"Peace, Love, and Ice Cream† campaign which was a movement that discovered the central values of all Americans. The primary goal of this campaign was to promote Ben ; Jerry’s charitable activities and target the emotions of the audience in an effort to create brand awareness and therefore increase sales within the product market. The campaign consisted of pictures of thrills, fun and excitement, from radio to printed advertisements in hope to increase awareness about Ben ; Jerry’s environmental advocacy programs. Many networks were thrilled because the â€Å"Peace, Love, and Ice Cream† campaign was a fun movement that allowed Americans to give back to the community through consuming tasty, frozen desserts. Ben ; Jerry’s continues to grow daily by developing new products, new ideas, and new flavors for their public. Consumers around the world are well aware of Ben Jerry’s tasty treats because of the firm’s execution of marketing concepts and bright visions. Ben Jerry’s mission of giving back to the community worked in various ways, and in turn, have evolved into one of the most prevalent ice cream companies of today. Ben ; Jerry’s product mission statement is â€Å"To make, distribute, and sell the finest quality all natural ice cream and euphoric concoctions with a continued commitment to incorporating wholesome, natural ingredients, and promoting business practices that respect the Earth and the Environment. In order to achieve their mission Ben ; Jerry’s charges a higher price to enable them to create their higher quality ice cream and allow them to have a striving and unique Research and Development department. The price decisions are well synchronized with product design, distribution, and promotion decisions to create a consistent and effective marketi ng program for Ben ; Jerry’s Ice Cream. The market and demand are other factors that stimulate the pricing system of Ben ; Jerry’s ice cream in the sense that the economics condition, competition costs, prices, and so forth all affect the price of Ben and Jerry’s products. For instance, in bad economic situations, people will reduce their expenses on secondary goods, and in this case ice cream is a secondary good. Ben ; Jerry’s have very distinguished competitors like Haagen Daaz and Blue Bell that will definitely affect the price of Ben ; Jerry’s ice cream. Since Ben ; Jerry’s is recognized as a high quality manufacturer of ice cream, they tend to pay very close attention to their competitors, especially when it comes to maintaining their quality and prices. Moreover, the prices of Ben ; Jerry’s products set correlating between their competitor’s prices and customer needs and expectations while still making a profit and abiding by their mission statement. A Ben ; Jerry’s Homemade Holding, Inc. is a company that values their brand loyal customers and is always striving to improve and better their premium ice cream. Although Ben ; Jerry’s does advertise and promote their company and product there are still ways that they could expand their scope of advertisement and perhaps include new forms of advertising. Television is a central communication for most families; therefore, Ben ; Jerry’s could establish recognition of their product by doing product placement with popular TV shows. Another way to use a television for advertising is strictly just using commercials; this allows the opportunity to inform those who do not know what Ben ; Jerry’s offers in their ice cream. Ben ; Jerry’s company is mostly popular in the Northern United States; however, Ben ; Jerry’s could possibly shift to Southern US, and outside of the USA to broaden their customer base. Social media marketing is becoming a necessity in advertising now that most people are connected to at least one form and owns a smart phone. By entering this form of advertising Ben ; Jerry’s could connect with a different generation and build up a following. Overall, Ben ; Jerry’s Homemade Holding, Inc. is an established premium ice cream provider and will continue to be so through their dedication to using the best ingredients, being inventive in creating new flavors, and connecting with consumers and future consumers. Works Cited Allen, Margarat, Emily Brockett, and Steven Allison. Peace, Love, and Ice Cream Campaign. † Ben Jerry’s Homemade Ice Cream Company. N. p. , n. d. Web. Ben Jerry’s. N. p. , n. d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. http://www. benjerry. com/. King, Rachael. â€Å"Ben ; Jerry’s Imagine Peace Online. † Fast Company. N. p. , 4 Aug. 2008. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. http://www. fastcompany. com/955923/ben-jerrys-imagine-peace-online. à ¢â‚¬Å"SEAR 2011 | Ben Jerry’s. †Ã‚  Ben Jerry’s. N. p. , n. d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. http://www. benjerry. com/cms/site/us/lang/en_US/home/company/sear-reports/sear-2011. How to cite Marketing: Ice Cream and Jerry, Essay examples

Language and Society

Question: Discuss about the Language and Society. Answer: The aim of the following paper is to make a fruitful analysis and discussion regarding the summary made by Rajend Mesthrie on the theoretical standpoint of Pierre Bourdieu on the theory of power. The main concentration of the paper would be on the point of view shown by theory of language and power by Pierre Bourdieu according to Rajend Mesthrie. However, prior to make in-depth evaluation of Mesthries summary on theory of language and power, the paper would understand and define some key phrases regarding the considered theory of Pierre Bourdieu. At the same time, significant concepts like symbolic power, symbolic domination and habitus would be also taken into consideration. It has been identified that according to Pierre Bourdieu, the economics of linguistic exchange is related with the term of linguistic capital. Linguistic capital is considered as a subtype of the concept of cultural capital, which has a broader grandeur. Therefore, the economics of linguistic exchange is understandably the exchange of the linguistic capital in the linguistic marketplace (Mesthrie, 2009). As per Bourdieus point of view, linguistic capital means different languages as well as varied symbolic values of those individual languages. In terms of economics of linguistic exchange, it needs to be said that standard languages possess relatively more value for having overt prestige in the linguistic market (Mesthrie, 2009). On the other hand, similarly like the standard languages, in the linguistic market, vernaculars also enjoy a same value of prestige. However, coming to the point of Mesthries summary on Bourdieus concept of symbolic power and sociolinguistic, it is to say ini tially that Mesthrie has found out that Bourdieu has researched beyond the apparent discourse analysis in order to address varied concerns regarding modern sociolinguistics (Mesthrie, 2015). Further, as per Mesthrie, Bourdieus view is primarily regarding politics, education, socio-culture and language. However, the interesting fact regarding his view on politics, socio-cultural aspect, education and language play a significant role in offering a potential base for establishing a unified theory of sociolinguistics (Durian, 2011). According to Mesthrie, from Bourdieus point of view linguistic interaction possesses the significant traces of social structure and helps them to be expressed as well as to reproduce. Most interestingly, Mesthrie has highlighted the one of the most significant fact discussed by Bourdieu, which is indicates that the sociolinguistic competence surpasses mere formulations and articulations of competence that is grammar and competence based. Mesthrie has pointed out that as per Bourdieus opinion highly argues the fact that the act of speaking corresponds the performance of passing sentence. As per Mesthries view Bourdies conceptualization is indicati ve of the fact that the effectiveness of the aforementioned performative pronunciation is not directly can be identified within language. According to Bourdie, these performative utterences are more related to and derive from a premise that provides proper meaning to individual pronunciations (Harke et al., 2016). However, it has been identified from Mesthries summary that according to Bourdieus point of view, human individuals are eligible for four kinds of resources, which are economic, cultural, social and symbolic capital (Benson, 2016). On the other hand, it has been also understood from Bourdieus perception that the distribution of human individuals is determined by the amount of capital or resource they possess, the particular composition of the resources or the capitals and their individual flight in the social atmosphere (Jenkins, 2014). Most significantly, Mesthrie has pointed out that the Bourdieus thinking is related with two chief aspects, which are communicative economy and the power of symbol. As per Mesthries understanding, Bourdie regarding his theoretical standpoint of linguistic power had invested all his interest in identifying the elements of linguistic exchange and the amount and type of capital accumulated by the linguistic investment (Mesthrie, 2015). In this context, it is required to mention that the fundamental concept of the symbolic power was first underpinned by Pierre Bourdieu. According to the conceptual view, symbolic power is indicative of the discipline that is utilized against other in order to confirm an individuals particular position in the society. In this respect, it should be accounted also that the Bourdieus conceptualization regarding sociological work is concentrated with two predominant aspects significance of body and the social practices (Wacquant, 2013). It is interesting to denote that in Mesthries summary and account on Bourdieus theory of power, there is the mention of the aforementioned theoretical assumption of Bourdieu. Mesthries point of view on Bourdies theory also has highlighted that Bourdieus theoretical underpinning has been indicative of the fact that particular social relation between the speakers determine individual linguistic interaction. It has been understood well that power is not alwa ys exercised in form of a physical force as most of the time power is transformed into symbolic attire and thereafter it is practiced with the help of symbolic exchanges (Swartz, 2013). The central or most significant part of the social power and its practice is considered by Bourdieu to be the control of symbolic market place. In this respect, one particular term should be evaluated, which is the symbolic domination. The distinct phrase is indicative of a particular procedure through which the ruling or the dominant class impose the norms on the linguistic market integrated by education and high society. It has been understood that according to Bourdieu, the particular power of the dominant class being the chief legitimate competence is considered to be the symbolic domination (Yuval-Davis, 2016). On the other hand, the dominance is considered to be the linguistic power and most significantly the procedure of learning how to make appropriate expression, which would have impressive value in the linguistic market. However, in this forefront, the Bourdieus final conceptualization regarding Habitus should be granted. It has been understood from Bourdieus interpretation that habitus plays the role of a medium between the material condition that is objective and the subjective dimensions of class that is uniformed by social lifestyle as well as class (Gulledge et al., 2014). It is needed to mention here that habitus is an individual procedure that transform the deposition of society into well structured propensities and lasting dispositions. In this respect, it should be considered also that habitus should not be considered as a result made of free will as per the reason that it is not created by structures (Gulledge et al., 2014). It is required to denote here that as per Bourdieus concept, habitus is an interplay that performs between the dispositions and the shape. Here, shape is indicative of the condition that determines the current practice as well as structure. On the other hand, another va riable disposition means the tendency that is formed by past and present consequences. Mesthries final opinion regarding the Bourdieus theory is a worth admit table fact that for having an understanding regarding macro and micro linguistic variation, situation and values, the theoretical underpinning of Bourdieu is highly required (Mesthrie, 2009). Henceforth, from the above discussion and analysis, it has been understood that Bourdieus main concern has been to indicate that symbolic power is the aspect through which exhibition of meaning is constructed. Most significantly, the above discussion has pointed out that every individual in the society is eligible for economic, cultural, social and symbolic capitals. Finally, it is to conclude with the main understanding deduced from the discourse that linguistic capital through which symbolic dominance is established is different languages as well as varied symbolic values of those individual languages. References Benson, R. (2016). Bourdieu, Pierre.The International Encyclopedia of Communication Theory and Philosophy. Durian, D. (2011). Rajend Mesthrie, Joan Swann, Ana Deumert, William Leap. Introducing sociolinguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2009. Pp. xxvi, 500. Pb. $34.95.Language in Society,40(03), 373-377. Gulledge, E. A., Roscoe, P. J., Townley, B. (2014). Acquiring an economic habitus: the role of calculation in learning the rules of the game'. Harker, R., Mahar, C., Wilkes, C. (Eds.). (2016).An introduction to the work of Pierre Bourdieu: The practice of theory. Springer. Jenkins, R. (2014).Pierre bourdieu. Routledge. Mesthrie, R. (2009).Introducing sociolinguistics. Edinburgh University Press. Mesthrie, R. (2015). Towards a distributed sociolinguistics of postcolonial multilingual societies.Globalising sociolinguistics: Challenging and expanding theory, 80. Swartz, D. L. (2013).Symbolic power, politics, and intellectuals: The political sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. University of Chicago Press. Wacquant, L. (2013). Symbolic power and group-making: On Pierre Bourdieus reframing of class.Journal of Classical Sociology,13(2), 274-291. Yuval-Davis, N. (2016). Power, intersectionality and the politics of belonging. InThe Palgrave Handbook of Gender and Development(pp. 367-381). Palgrave Macmillan UK.

Automobile Pollution

Environmental pollution remains a major challenge in the world today. While several strides have been made with regard to environmental waste management, it is believed that a lot has to be done to realize a safe and sustainable environment, with a significant number of pollutants emanating from petroleum products.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Automobile Pollution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Research indicates that the United States consumes approximately 26% of the world’s petroleum even though it produces only 10% of the total petroleum annually. Importantly, automobiles consume up to 43% of petroleum, emerging as the world’s leading single consumer (EPA, 1994). Automobiles generally refer to all moving machines that burn gas. They include but not limited to boats, cars, motorcycles and trucks. Even though emissions from individual cars might be considered to be negligible, most c ities are finding car emissions to be the greatest single pollutant of the environment. This is as a result of millions of personal cars owned in the world today. From the mechanical functioning of these cars, their movement is made possible as a result of burning fuel, a process, which leads to the emission of several pollutants into the environment (Klepal, 2004). These pollutants are emitted due to the inability to have a perfect combustion process that would involve the breakdown of hydrocarbons into water and carbon dioxide in the presence of oxygen. Common gasoline pollutants include nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and other evaporative emissions. Hydrocarbon emissions occur because of incomplete or imperfect combustion of fuel molecules. Chemically, hydrocarbons generate ground-level ozone when they react with nitrogen oxides in air. Noteworthy, ground-level smog is highly responsible for the formation of smog. Ozone is equally dangerous; it causes health pro blems like cancer, respiratory difficulties, irritation of eyes and damages lungs (EPA, 1994). This has become the commonest air pollutant in urban areas. As mentioned above, nitrogen oxides equally constitute to gasoline pollutants and are sometimes denoted as NOx. These oxides form when nitrogen and oxygen are combined under elevated temperature and pressure. Similarly, nitrogen oxides lead to the formation of ozone, which has an array of effects especially on human health. Apart from ozone, NOx are also responsible for the formation of acid rain, which occurs when NOx react with water to form nitrous acids (EPA, 1994). Acid rain causes corrosion of cars and iron roofs. It has also been blamed for some health complications like skin cancer.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Oxides of carbon are also major gasoline pollutants, which have remained harmful to the env ironment. For example, carbon monoxide forms when carbon is partially oxidized during combustion in automobile engines (WBPCB, 2004). Exposure to carbon monoxide has been found to be fatal. It is highly associated with the inhibition of the flow of oxygen in the bloodstream, a condition that may result into suffocation and instant death. This is a health hazard especially to people who have heart-related problems. Similarly, carbon dioxide is a gasoline pollutant, which has turned out to be lethal to the environment. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, CO2 is a product of perfect combustion in automobile engines and poses major environmental threats today. Although carbon dioxide does not affect human beings directly, it falls into the category of greenhouse gases and is a key cause of global warming (Klepal, 2004). It therefore follows that automobiles greatly contribute to today’s environmental pollution issues. References EPA. (1994). Automobile Emission s: An Overview. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/ Klepal, D. (2004). Auto pollution increases health risks. Enquirer. Web. WBPCB. (2004). Automobile Pollution. West Bengal Pollution Control Board. Web. This research paper on Automobile Pollution was written and submitted by user Daphne Rush to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Online learning as a tools into the form of education and training The WritePass Journal

Online learning as a tools into the form of education and training 1.0 Introduction Online learning as a tools into the form of education and training 1.0 Introduction1.1 Definition of Online Learning 1.2   History of Online Learning2.0 Categories of Online Learning2.1 Synchronous Learning 2.2 Asynchronous Learning2.3 Blended Learning3.0 Online Learning is an effective tool in learning  Ã‚  Ã‚  3.1   Useful and comfortable3.2 Meet new and interesting people3.3 Learn to become discipline people3.4 Encourage long-term learning4.0 Online Learning is not an effective tool in learning 4.1 Need additional period on-campus lessons4.2 Lead to lack of interaction4.0 ConclusionReference ListRelated 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Definition of Online Learning Online learning is a kind of powerful tools into the form of education and training that lets people to obtain knowledge and assistances through network technologies (Clarke 2008). Online learning usually boils down to learning that maintained by Information and Communications Technology (ICT). Based on the survey in figure (A), 29 respondents identified about online learning that it is a type of learning where people can develop their education through the Internet (Personal Survey 2011). Figure (A) Do you know anything about online learning? 1.2   History of Online Learning During the year of 1800s, learning was transported through the electronic mails. However, in the year of 1990s, most of the learning was transported through CD-ROM, radio, Internet and television (Proctor et.al (ed) 2004). People start to learn through the Internet which is also called as online learning as the technology is improving. 2.0 Categories of Online Learning 2.1 Synchronous Learning Synchronous learning is a kind of learning that people online can interact  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   with one another through the videoconferencing and also through the window messenger for chatting (Types of Online Learning n.d). Students not only can have their discussion with their friends or instructors, but also can have their coursework or assignments throughout their studies on the Internet. Students may become more active and motivated in their studies on socialising through the videoconferencing and chatting while they are having discussion (Types of Online Learning n.d). 2.2 Asynchronous Learning Students do not need their instructors to be available beside them at the same time because they can send the messages to their respective instructors through the electronic mails if they have any problems or they need help from their instructors (Clarke 2008). Students may become more convenient when they enable to log on to their learning environment at anywhere for their studies (Types of Online Learning n.d). 2.3 Blended Learning Blended learning is a kind of learning with combination of synchronous and asynchronous learning. Students can complete their coursework or assignments by themselves with the way of blended learning and this will make their thinking skills and experiences increase. Besides that, they can take some useful information from the Internet to do their coursework or assignments instead of attending classes in campuses (Types of Online Learning n.d). 3.0 Online Learning is an effective tool in learning  Ã‚  Ã‚   Figure (B) Online Learning is an effective tool in learning   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (Personal Survey 2011) 3.1   Useful and comfortable Online learning is an effective tool in learning which online paths are useful and comfortable. Based on the survey in figure (A), 75% of the respondents approved that online learning is useful (Personal Survey 2011). Students can spend their lecture times to study where they are available on their own timetables. People enable to learn at a comfortable place by their own decision by selecting some venues where they would like to study through online at their houses, cyber cafes and coffee shops such as Old Town White Coffee where they enable to access through the Internet (The Advantages and Disadvantages of E-Learning n.d). 3.2 Meet new and interesting people Online paths help to meet interesting and new people is one of the effective tools in learning. Based on the survey in figure (B), 5% of the respondents approved that online paths help to meet new friends (Personal Survey 2011). Most of the students would feel very shy when they are in their classes or groups to meet up with their new friends. This is the reason that the online paths give an opportunity to everyone gets to know each another through their personal Facebook and Twitter. This is a method of interaction between one another to improve their friendships in their classes or groups (The Advantages and Disadvantages of E-Learning n.d). 3.3 Learn to become discipline people Online paths clarify to be self-disciplined is also one of the effective tools in learning. Based on the survey in figure (B), 8% of the respondents agreed that online courses teach to be self-discipline (Personal Survey 2011). A large numbers of people like to finish their works in the eleventh hours. It is the worst method to learn. So, people who are online can take their responsibility for their studies into a personally learning and they will become successful people in the future (The Advantages and Disadvantages of E-Learning n.d). 3.4 Encourage long-term learning Online learning is an effective tool which encourages long-term learning. Based on the survey in figure (B), 12% of the respondents agreed that online courses promote life-long learning (Personal Survey 2011). Most of the students will slowly forget what they have learnt in their campuses or schools within few days. To help them to solve this problem, students enable to online at any time to search for their information so that they will not forget what they have learnt in their campuses or schools (The Advantages and Disadvantages of E-Learning n.d). 4.0 Online Learning is not an effective tool in learning Figure (C) Online Learning is not an effective tool in learning   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (Personal Survey 2011) 4.1 Need additional period on-campus lessons Online paths need additional period on-campus lessons is one of the not effective tools in learning. According to the survey in figure (C), 10% of the respondents approved that online paths need additional period on-campus lessons (Personal Survey 2011). Students will always spend more time studying or searching information for their coursework or assignments through the Internet than studying in their campuses or schools (The Advantages and Disadvantages of E-Learning n.d). 4.2 Lead to lack of interaction One of the not effective tools in learning is online paths lead to lack of interaction. According to the survey in figure (C), 90% of the respondents approved that online courses lead to lack of interactions (Personal Survey 2011). Although students only study through the Internet, they will miss all the fun of learning activities in their classes. This causes they have fewer opportunities to mix around with their friends and their mentors because they usually stay at home to access the Internet and will make their lives too boring (The Advantages and Disadvantages of E-Learning n.d). 4.0 Conclusion Figure (D) Is Online Learning an effective tool in learning?      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (Personal Survey 2011) In conclusion, online learning truly is an effective tool in learning because it carries benefits to people who wish to learn more things from the Internet. According to the survey in figure (D), 77.8% of the respondents approved that online learning is an effective tool in learning (Personal Survey 2011). This will increase their knowledge and experiences through the way of the online learning. Online learning brings a lot of advantages to people such as meets up with new friends, encourages long-term learning, learns to become self-disciplined person and also is very useful. Therefore, online learning is an effective tool in learning in this society as the benefits of online learning outweigh the harms. Reference List Internet Articles The Advantages and Disadvantages of E-Learning n.d., viewed February 23, 2011, nait.ca/29805.htm Types of Online Learning n.d., viewed February 23, 2011, adelaid.edu.au/clpd/online/designing/typesonlrng Journal Articles White, MMA 2007, History of E-Learning – A Brief History of E-Learning and Distance Education, viewed February 23, 2011, elearningavenue.com/history-of-elearning Book Clarke, A 2008, E-Learning Skills, 2 edn, Palgrave Macmillan, New York Personal Survey Personal Survey 2011

Planning and Budgeting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Planning and Budgeting - Research Paper Example [4] Under the U.S. Robinson-Patman Act, a manufacturer is not permitted to price-discriminate between two customers if the intent is to lessen or prevent competition for customers. [4] The government sometimes sets up Price Ceilings or Price Floorings to prevent the companies to price their products above or below a certain limit to protect smaller companies. The Sherman Act was designed to protect freedom of competition, thereby freeing prices to fluctuation subject to market forces. [3] All these laws do act as a guide for the companies of how to price their products but in reality it is a hindrance as the companies are not completely free to price their products as they want to. 2. I agree with the statement issued by the manager of the R&D department but there is a way around the problem. It is true that the research and development department only has a vague idea what the end result will be. That is why goals set for the research department are flexible. And based on these flexible goals the expected net present value can be found. The R&D manager can specify a range in which the expected net present value can lie as to give the company some idea how to budget and what to expect. This is the best that is possible since exact values are really difficult to predict. Part Three The company, EVENTIS is an event creator, organizer and manager. It has organized various events in its short history of 8 months and has come to be known as a very competent company. The company's portfolio includes organizing events such as weddings, concerts, gigs, conferences, seminars and the biggest event as yet, the Australian Cultural Festival. In this short span of time, EVENTIS has gathered a force of 400 young, talented and highly...[4] I agree with the statement issued by the manager of the R&D department but there is a way around the problem. It is true that the research and development department only has a vague idea what the end result will be. That is why goals set for the research department are flexible. And based on these flexible goals the expected net present value can be found. The R&D manager can specify a range in which the expected net present value can lie as to give the company some idea how to budget and what to expect. This is the best that is possible since exact values are really difficult to predict. The company, EVENTIS is an event creator, organizer and manager. It has organized various events in its short history of 8 months and has come to be known as a very competent company. The company's portfolio includes organizing events such as weddings, concerts, gigs, conferences, seminars and the biggest event as yet, the Australian Cultural Festival. In this short span of time, EVENTIS has gathered a force of 400 young, talented and highly motivated employees through its friendly and goal oriented work environment. The satisfied customer base is increasing day by day and the future looks bright for EVENTIS at least for the near future. Responsibility centers are those parts of the organization which complement its functions. The business is broken down into different segments which are controlled by different managers.

Human resource Research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Human resource - Research Paper Example But to most modern organizations, the urge and need to ensure effectiveness and efficiency in human resource management remains a very crucial challenge. Because of this, even though there is the practice of human resource management, this is not done in a very well regulated and coordinated manner that meets the growth and developmental aspiration of the organizations (Pattanayak, 2009). Through various forms of research conducted, the researcher has come to realize that in modern day administration and management of organizations, one element that plays a very key role is the use of information systems. Generally, technology has come to have such an important place in organizational management that the elimination of information systems in the management of organizations means that organizations will be stagnated in their growth and development agenda, just as the absence of an effective and efficient human resource management would lead to. In this research paper therefore, the tw o phenomena of human resource management and information systems are combined into a term that is rapidly gaining grounds in organizational management, which human resource information system. ... ed for them to wholly go about their traditional human resource management roles such as benefit, payroll, and labor productivity management and also undertake various tasks with information technology becomes very challenging, expensive and time consuming. Pattanayak, (2009) however notes that there cannot be an easy way out with the two options, which are human resource management and information technology. To compliment the two independent roles therefore, human resource information system is introduced as a bridging gap that â€Å"seeks to merge the activities associated with human resource management (HRM) and information technology (IT) into one common database through the use of enterprise resource planning (ERP) software† (Business Dictionary, 2013). In a much generalized sense therefore, one may view human resource information system as the role of information technology in human resource management. From a more technical viewpoint however, human resource information system goes beyond the mere use of computers and the internet to make the roles of human resource management easier. Human resource information system actually is an independent phenomenon on its own that seeks not just to use information technology in human resource management but make the combined use of information technology and human resource management easier and accessible. For all organizations who would undertake very proactive research and development to identify the human resource information system needs that they are faced with, the advantage is that they would have an effective and efficient human resource management in place. This is because Stewart (2009) has observed that the merger between human resource management and information technology that is done bring about a less

Counter-measures to the Bullwhip Effect

Counter-measures to the Bullwhip Effect Bullwhip Effect which is Supply Chain Demand Amplification caused due to distorted information moving from one end of a supply chain to the other causing tremendous inefficiencies. Companies can successfully counteract the bullwhip effect by thoroughly understanding its causes and effects. Several industry leaders are implementing innovative strategies that create new challenges such as integration of new information systems, definition of new organizational relationships, and implementation of new incentive and measurement systems. Various initiatives and remedies based on the underlying coordination mechanism, namely, information gathering and sharing, channel positioning, and operational efficiency can oppose the very effects. Through information sharing, demand information at a downstream site is transmitted upstream in a timely fashion. Channel positioning is the coordination of pricing, transportation, inventory planning, and ownership between the upstream and downstream sites in a supply chain. Operational efficiency refers to activities that improve performance, such as reduced costs and lead-time. Supply Chain strategies to counter measure Bullwhip Effect Following are few Supply Chain strategies employed to reduce or tame the Bullwhip effect and to improve business performance. Avoidance of Multiple Demand Forecast Updates Members of a supply chain conducts forecasting in association with its planning based demand input from their immediate downstream member in producing their own forecasts. Demand input from the immediate downstream member, results from that members forecasting, whose input is from its own downstream member. Solution to the recurring processing of consumption data in a supply chain is to make demand data at a downstream position available to the upstream site allowing both sites can update their forecasts with the same raw data in the current computerized scenario, manufacturers request sell-through data on withdrawn stocks from their resellers central repository warehouse. Although the data are not as absolute as point-of-sale data from the resellers stores, it offers considerably more information than was available when manufacturers didnt know what happened after shipping of their products. Electronic Data Interchange: Supply chain partners can use electronic data interchange (EDI) to distribute data. In the consumer industry, around 20 percent of orders placed by retailers of consumer products were transmitted via EDI in early 1990s.Now its grown to around 80%. The EDI basically facilitates information transmission and sharing among chain members. In the consumer products industry, this practice is known as Vendor-Managed Inventory (VMI) or a continuous replenishment program (CRP). Several companies such as PG, Campbell Soup, MM/Mars, Apple, Nestle, Quaker Oats, and Scott Paper uses CRP many of their customers. PG employs VMI in its diaper supply chain, starting with its important supplier, 3M, and their customers- Wal-mart. Apple Computer has a consumer direct program, i.e., it sells directly to consumers without involving the reseller and distribution channel. An advantage of the program is that it allows Apple to spot the demand patterns for all its products. Dell Computers is another company which sells its products directly to customers. Just-In-Time Replenishment: Long resupply lead times can aggravate the bullwhip effect. Improvements in operational efficiency can help reduce the highly variable demand due to multiple forecast updates. Hence, just-in-time replenishment is an effective way to mitigate the effect. Break Bulk Orders Order batching contributes to the bullwhip effect therefore companies need to devise strategies that lead to smaller batches or more frequent resupply. Electronic data interchange [EDI] can reduce the cost of the paperwork in generating an order. PG has introduced standardized ordering terms across all business units to simplify the process and dramatically cut the number of invoices. General Electric is electronically coordinating buyers and suppliers throughout the company. Nabisco perform computer-assisted ordering, paperless, thereby customers order more frequently. Assortments of different products: Another reason for large order batches is the cost of transportation. To tackle this cost, some manufacturers encourage their distributors to order assortments of different products. Hence a truckload may contain different products from the same manufacturer as an alternative of a full load of the same product. Thus for each product, the order frequency is much higher, the frequency of deliveries to the distributors remains unaffected, and the transportation effectiveness is preserved. PG has given discounts to distributors who are willing to order mixed-SKU (stock-keeping unit) lots of its products. Composite distribution for fresh and chilled food uses the mixed-SKU idea to make resupply more regular. Since fresh produce need to be stored at different temperatures, trucks to transport them need to have a variety of temperatures. Third-party logistics: The use of third-party logistics companies also helps make small lot replenishments economical. They give room for economies of scale that was not feasible in a single supplier-customer relationship. By consolidating loads from several suppliers located close by, a company can realize full truckload economies even without having the batches coming from the same supplier. PG coordinates regular delivery arrangements with its customers. Hence, it distributes the replenishments to all the several retailers evenly over a week. Stabilize Price Variations Reduction of both the frequency and the level of wholesale price discounting can control bullwhip effect caused by forward buying and diversions. The manufacturer can reduce the incentives for retail forward buying by establishing a uniform wholesale pricing policy. Everyday Low Price (EDLP): Retailers and distributors can aggressively negotiate with their suppliers to give them everyday low cost (EDLC). PG, Kraft, and Pillsbury have moved to an everyday low price (EDLP) or value pricing strategy. PG reported its highest profit margins in twenty-one years and showed increases in market share in early 1990s. Activity-based costing (ABC) systems facilitate companies to recognize the unnecessary costs of forward buying and diversions. When companies run provincial promotions, some retailers buy in bulk in the area where these promotions are held, then divert the products to other regions for utilization. ABC systems provide explicit accounting of the storage, individual handling, costs of inventory, transportation, and so on that previously were hidden and often outweigh the profit of promotions. Eliminate Gaming in Shortage The sharing of capacity and inventory information helps to lessen customers anxiety and, consequently, lessen their need to employ in gaming. Times when a supplier faces a shortage, instead of assigning products based on orders, it can assign in proportion to past sales records. Customers have no incentive to overstate their orders. General Motors has long used this method of allotment in cases of short supply. Sharing capacity information is insufficient when there is a genuine shortage. Few manufacturers work with consumers to place orders well in advance of the sales time. Thus adjust production capability or scheduling with improved knowledge of product demand. Counter measure to Generous return policies Generous return policies that manufacturers offer retailers heighten gaming. Without a penalty, retailers will continue to overstate their needs and cancel orders. Few computer manufacturers are starting to enforce more stern cancellation policies. Eliminate incentives for customers and distributors On eliminating these incentives, it can prevent demand accumulation and order staging. Minimizing incentivized promotions will cause the customers to delay orders and there by smoother ordering patterns. We need to understand the product demands at each stage of the supply chain. Basically increase the collaboration through shared demand information as discussed above. This shall ensure there are no information queues leading to information flow delays. A Methodological approach to solving the bullwhip problem The principal decision lies in whether to study the bullwhip problem in discrete or continuous time system. In discrete time [using Laplace transform and differential delay], the various system states [demand rates, inventory and WIP levels] and replenishment orders are placed at the equally spaced moments of time. In between these moments of time, no information about the system is known. In continuous time [using z transform] the systems states are monitored at all the moments of time and the rate of order is continuously adjusted. Neither of the representations of time is incorrect. Just that one representation of time may be more suitable for a given situation than the other. Consider for example, in a grocery supply chain, supermarkets total up demand that has occurred during the day, a replenishment order is prepared and the delivery is dispatched from the distribution centre overnight. This scenario is especially suitable for a discrete time analysis. On the other hand, a petrochemical plant might be able to constantly adjust its production of different grades of product to mirror the current demand rates for each grade. This type of scenario is more agreeable and suitable to a continuous analysis. Finally we can conclude that the bullwhip effect results from rational decision making by members within the supply chain. Companies can effectively counteract the consequence by thoroughly considering its underlying causes. Thus the companies can either let the bullwhip effect paralyze them or discover a way to conquer it and play it to their advantage.

Cause and Effects of Protestant Reformation

Major Causes and Effects of the Protestant Reformation There were several causes of the Protestant Reformation that effected society, politics, and religion in Europe during the 16th century. In my opinion, the immediate cause that started the reformation was Martin Luther’s act of posting the 95 Theses on the door of the Wittenberg Cathedral in the Roman Empire. Luther was unhappy with the Catholic Church, and posted the Theses due to the sale of indulgences that was going on to raise money for the renovation of St.Peter’s cathedral from people who wished that their souls go from purgatory to heaven. Luther believed that an indulgence was justified for a person’s wrongdoing. By selling indulgences, the Church was giving forgiveness to people who were not sorry for the sins they had committed. Luther posted the Theses in order to debate the sale of indulgences because he was worried for the people’s souls. Although Luther’s original intentions were to reform the Church of its corruption and greed, it resulted in a split between Protestants and Catholics. The effect that this had on religion was huge.People began to question the oppression of the Church and see it for the manipulative organization which it was, wanting complete control of the population. In turn, people challenged the Church’s authority, and it eventually lead to people freeing themselves from the constraints of the Church as a whole. This made each man individually answerable himself to God. While Luther’s Theses was the immediate cause of the Reformation there were several other causes also. Another major cause was the invention of the printing press and the translation of the Bible to English.John Wycliff translated the Bible to English so that those who could not read Latin could interpret for themselves what the Bible had said. He believed that the Church was entirely too wealthy, and that they were taking advantage of those that had to rely on the Church for Bible translation and guidance. I believe that the printing press allowed for more common people to be able to purchase books. Before the printing press Monks had to recopy books themselves by hand. It also allowed for mass production which put the Bible and other literature in the hands of a much larger audience.The effects on society were that common people were getting more educated on their own, and didn’t need the Church for guidance to run their lives. It also encouraged more people to learn how to write because there was a wider market for their words and opinions. Religion became more accessible to the common people. This allowed for people to come up with their own opinions on the translation of the Bible. The people began to challenge the Church’s authority because they no longer needed a Priest to translate to them. This would end up causing the Catholic Church to lose power.The next major cause of the Protestant Reformation was the creatio n of Lutheranism and the Lutheran Church. The Lutheran Church changed the entire culture in Europe. It caused society as a whole to live more wholesome lives by cutting down on sinful acts and criminal offenses. The Church began to draw the line on what was acceptable and what was not. People began to live more holy lives. Since religion had so much to do with the government and politics at the time, it affected how governments had to be run because they could no longer pay off the Church to get their way.This caused a major political effect on the Catholic Church. Power struggles began to influence how rulers would deal with the Church. Luther’s opposition to the financial practices of the Catholic Church fell on welcome ears even though any religion from the religion that was practiced by the majority of citizens was considered very dangerous. Many local authorities realized that by adopting Lutheranism and ridding themselves of Catholicism that they could seize Church prop erty and avoid payment of Church taxes.When Charles V signed the Peace of Augsburg in 1555, it allowed local princes to determine the religion of their area and declare their political and financial independence from the Catholic Church. Although there were many causes and effects of the Protestant Reformation, I believe that these are the most influential causes and effects of society, politics, and religion in Europe during the 16th century. Works Cited Duiker, William J. , Spielvogel, Jackson J. â€Å"World History Seventh Edition Volume II Since 1500† Wadsworth, 2013. Print.